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美國孩子暑假挨餓,原因是他們的父母負(fù)擔(dān)不起食物

BETH GREENFIELD
2024-06-24

對于缺乏食物保障的孩子來說,夏天是“最饑餓的時候”。

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圖片來源:GETTY IMAGES

六月放暑假對孩子們來說意味著無限的快樂,對吧?但如果他們是3000萬有資格享受聯(lián)邦資助的膳食計劃的學(xué)生中的一員,如今可能面臨“暑期饑餓”(原因是缺乏食物保障的家庭的孩子無法獲得在一年中剩余時間里學(xué)校提供的免費(fèi)早餐和午餐,從而導(dǎo)致焦慮加劇、健康問題和學(xué)業(yè)下降),那么六月放暑假對這些孩子來說并不意味著無限的快樂。

紐約無兒童饑餓組織(No Kid Hungry New York)的負(fù)責(zé)人雷切爾·薩貝拉(Rachel Sabella)說:“我們了解到夏天是這些兒童一年中最饑餓的時候。”該組織旨在全美范圍內(nèi)消除兒童饑餓現(xiàn)象,而且該組織還與凈菜電商HelloFresh和YouGov合作,就這一主題開展了一項(xiàng)調(diào)查。調(diào)查顯示,在學(xué)校放假時,41%的家長都在一定程度上竭力為孩子提供食物,近一半(44%)的家長現(xiàn)在比去年同期更擔(dān)心孩子的吃飯問題。

此外,調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),在竭力供養(yǎng)每個家庭成員的父母中,75%的人至少在某種程度上擔(dān)心學(xué)校放假期間是否有能力負(fù)擔(dān)得起食物,而近一半(42%)的人表示為了確保孩子們有飯吃,自己少吃一餐。大多數(shù)人表示,為了解決暑期食品問題,他們要么更加仔細(xì)地編制預(yù)算(60%),要么削減其他開支(52%)。

這項(xiàng)調(diào)查于今年5月展開,并于6月20日公布了調(diào)查結(jié)果,共收集了459位美國18歲以下兒童家長的答復(fù)。

這項(xiàng)調(diào)查試圖獲得有關(guān)暑期饑餓現(xiàn)實(shí)的最新信息,專家們已經(jīng)了解到,夏季饑餓會導(dǎo)致孩子們的身體、行為和心理健康問題,以及開學(xué)后學(xué)習(xí)成績下降,即所謂的“暑期滑坡”,這對低收入家庭兒童的影響尤為嚴(yán)重,更不必提及對父母心理健康的影響了,父母可能會因?yàn)榕︷B(yǎng)育孩子而感到抑郁和焦慮。

薩貝拉告訴《財富》雜志:“我們了解到,孩子和家庭成員不吃正餐,會影響他們的身心健康。我們也了解到,以學(xué)校早餐開始一天生活的孩子出勤率更高,在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)更好,長期健康問題也更少。如果他們在暑假期間無法規(guī)律進(jìn)餐,就會阻礙其成長,進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致其學(xué)習(xí)能力下降。”

這也是“真正的心理健康問題”,她補(bǔ)充說,“很多家庭認(rèn)為,‘我在孤軍奮戰(zhàn),沒有其他人像我這樣掙扎'。他們不想尋求幫助,因?yàn)檫@是污名,而這正是我們想要消除的。”

薩貝拉說:"該組織真正想強(qiáng)調(diào)的是,膳食就在那里。如果你符合條件,就應(yīng)該接受這些膳食。”

到哪里尋求幫助

薩貝拉說,她所在的組織一直在倡導(dǎo)今年將實(shí)施的兩種不同類型的聯(lián)邦計劃:其中一項(xiàng)是夏季兒童電子福利轉(zhuǎn)移計劃(Summer EBT),在全美范圍內(nèi),凡是選擇加入該計劃的州都可以享受相關(guān)福利,該計劃為符合條件的家庭提供120美元的夏季雜貨福利。據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn),這可以將時而挨餓的有孩家庭的數(shù)量減少三分之一(但盡管如此,仍有15個州沒有選擇加入,其中包括阿拉巴馬州、佐治亞州和內(nèi)布拉斯加州,內(nèi)布拉斯加州州長說:"我不相信這一福利。")。

調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),還有針對農(nóng)村社區(qū)的非聚集性用餐計劃,比如即拿即走或送貨上門。在農(nóng)村社區(qū),48%的家長有朋友或親戚在學(xué)校放假期間遭遇缺乏食品保障的相關(guān)問題(相比之下,全美所有家長的這一比例為36%)。

此外,對于那些在農(nóng)村地區(qū)竭力維持生計的人來說,92%的人表示他們擔(dān)心在學(xué)校放假期間是否有能力負(fù)擔(dān)得起家庭的食物,77%的人擔(dān)心是否有能力為孩子提供通常在學(xué)校獲得的膳食。同樣,在南方,82%的人擔(dān)心在夏天是否有能力負(fù)擔(dān)得起食物,66%的人擔(dān)心是否有能力為孩子提供通常在學(xué)校獲得的膳食。

薩貝拉說,其他解決方案也面臨著如何進(jìn)行全面宣傳的挑戰(zhàn),其中包括當(dāng)?shù)氐膽?yīng)急食品供應(yīng)商(無論是社區(qū)組織還是宗教機(jī)構(gòu),以及食品銀行),其中一些已經(jīng)與HelloFresh合作,后者每周將剩余的新鮮農(nóng)產(chǎn)品捐獻(xiàn)給社區(qū)項(xiàng)目,并為缺乏食品保障的人群設(shè)計了一套餐包,每周直接在少數(shù)幾個社區(qū)分發(fā)4萬份。

HelloFresh北美可持續(xù)發(fā)展高級總監(jiān)和夏季饑餓報告主管杰夫·約茲克(Jeff Yorzyk)在接受《財富》雜志采訪時表示:“你知道的,我想我們很多人都覺得,我們已經(jīng)熬過了疫情,一切都恢復(fù)正常了。但自疫情爆發(fā)以來,糧食安全狀況并沒有好轉(zhuǎn),實(shí)際上情況變得更糟了。當(dāng)我們開始深入研究相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)時,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)生活成本危機(jī)正在顯現(xiàn),這確實(shí)給父母帶來了更大的經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力。我認(rèn)為,[缺乏食物保障]家庭的比例之高著實(shí)讓我們感到驚訝。”(財富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:中慧言-王芳

六月放暑假對孩子們來說意味著無限的快樂,對吧?但如果他們是3000萬有資格享受聯(lián)邦資助的膳食計劃的學(xué)生中的一員,如今可能面臨“暑期饑餓”(原因是缺乏食物保障的家庭的孩子無法獲得在一年中剩余時間里學(xué)校提供的免費(fèi)早餐和午餐,從而導(dǎo)致焦慮加劇、健康問題和學(xué)業(yè)下降),那么六月放暑假對這些孩子來說并不意味著無限的快樂。

紐約無兒童饑餓組織(No Kid Hungry New York)的負(fù)責(zé)人雷切爾·薩貝拉(Rachel Sabella)說:“我們了解到夏天是這些兒童一年中最饑餓的時候。”該組織旨在全美范圍內(nèi)消除兒童饑餓現(xiàn)象,而且該組織還與凈菜電商HelloFresh和YouGov合作,就這一主題開展了一項(xiàng)調(diào)查。調(diào)查顯示,在學(xué)校放假時,41%的家長都在一定程度上竭力為孩子提供食物,近一半(44%)的家長現(xiàn)在比去年同期更擔(dān)心孩子的吃飯問題。

此外,調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),在竭力供養(yǎng)每個家庭成員的父母中,75%的人至少在某種程度上擔(dān)心學(xué)校放假期間是否有能力負(fù)擔(dān)得起食物,而近一半(42%)的人表示為了確保孩子們有飯吃,自己少吃一餐。大多數(shù)人表示,為了解決暑期食品問題,他們要么更加仔細(xì)地編制預(yù)算(60%),要么削減其他開支(52%)。

這項(xiàng)調(diào)查于今年5月展開,并于6月20日公布了調(diào)查結(jié)果,共收集了459位美國18歲以下兒童家長的答復(fù)。

這項(xiàng)調(diào)查試圖獲得有關(guān)暑期饑餓現(xiàn)實(shí)的最新信息,專家們已經(jīng)了解到,夏季饑餓會導(dǎo)致孩子們的身體、行為和心理健康問題,以及開學(xué)后學(xué)習(xí)成績下降,即所謂的“暑期滑坡”,這對低收入家庭兒童的影響尤為嚴(yán)重,更不必提及對父母心理健康的影響了,父母可能會因?yàn)榕︷B(yǎng)育孩子而感到抑郁和焦慮。

薩貝拉告訴《財富》雜志:“我們了解到,孩子和家庭成員不吃正餐,會影響他們的身心健康。我們也了解到,以學(xué)校早餐開始一天生活的孩子出勤率更高,在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)更好,長期健康問題也更少。如果他們在暑假期間無法規(guī)律進(jìn)餐,就會阻礙其成長,進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致其學(xué)習(xí)能力下降。”

這也是“真正的心理健康問題”,她補(bǔ)充說,“很多家庭認(rèn)為,‘我在孤軍奮戰(zhàn),沒有其他人像我這樣掙扎'。他們不想尋求幫助,因?yàn)檫@是污名,而這正是我們想要消除的。”

薩貝拉說:"該組織真正想強(qiáng)調(diào)的是,膳食就在那里。如果你符合條件,就應(yīng)該接受這些膳食。”

到哪里尋求幫助

薩貝拉說,她所在的組織一直在倡導(dǎo)今年將實(shí)施的兩種不同類型的聯(lián)邦計劃:其中一項(xiàng)是夏季兒童電子福利轉(zhuǎn)移計劃(Summer EBT),在全美范圍內(nèi),凡是選擇加入該計劃的州都可以享受相關(guān)福利,該計劃為符合條件的家庭提供120美元的夏季雜貨福利。據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn),這可以將時而挨餓的有孩家庭的數(shù)量減少三分之一(但盡管如此,仍有15個州沒有選擇加入,其中包括阿拉巴馬州、佐治亞州和內(nèi)布拉斯加州,內(nèi)布拉斯加州州長說:"我不相信這一福利。")。

調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),還有針對農(nóng)村社區(qū)的非聚集性用餐計劃,比如即拿即走或送貨上門。在農(nóng)村社區(qū),48%的家長有朋友或親戚在學(xué)校放假期間遭遇缺乏食品保障的相關(guān)問題(相比之下,全美所有家長的這一比例為36%)。

此外,對于那些在農(nóng)村地區(qū)竭力維持生計的人來說,92%的人表示他們擔(dān)心在學(xué)校放假期間是否有能力負(fù)擔(dān)得起家庭的食物,77%的人擔(dān)心是否有能力為孩子提供通常在學(xué)校獲得的膳食。同樣,在南方,82%的人擔(dān)心在夏天是否有能力負(fù)擔(dān)得起食物,66%的人擔(dān)心是否有能力為孩子提供通常在學(xué)校獲得的膳食。

薩貝拉說,其他解決方案也面臨著如何進(jìn)行全面宣傳的挑戰(zhàn),其中包括當(dāng)?shù)氐膽?yīng)急食品供應(yīng)商(無論是社區(qū)組織還是宗教機(jī)構(gòu),以及食品銀行),其中一些已經(jīng)與HelloFresh合作,后者每周將剩余的新鮮農(nóng)產(chǎn)品捐獻(xiàn)給社區(qū)項(xiàng)目,并為缺乏食品保障的人群設(shè)計了一套餐包,每周直接在少數(shù)幾個社區(qū)分發(fā)4萬份。

HelloFresh北美可持續(xù)發(fā)展高級總監(jiān)和夏季饑餓報告主管杰夫·約茲克(Jeff Yorzyk)在接受《財富》雜志采訪時表示:“你知道的,我想我們很多人都覺得,我們已經(jīng)熬過了疫情,一切都恢復(fù)正常了。但自疫情爆發(fā)以來,糧食安全狀況并沒有好轉(zhuǎn),實(shí)際上情況變得更糟了。當(dāng)我們開始深入研究相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)時,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)生活成本危機(jī)正在顯現(xiàn),這確實(shí)給父母帶來了更大的經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力。我認(rèn)為,[缺乏食物保障]家庭的比例之高著實(shí)讓我們感到驚訝。”(財富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:中慧言-王芳

Classes ending in June means boundless joy for kids, right? Not if they’re among the 30 million students who qualify for the federally-assisted meal program and who now likely face “summer hunger”—the result of food-insecure families losing access to the free breakfasts and lunches their children rely on at school throughout the rest of the year, bringing more anxiety, health issues, and academic decline.

“We know summer is the hungriest time of year,” says Rachel Sabella, director of No Kid Hungry New York, a campaign aiming to end childhood hunger nationally, which partnered with HelloFresh and YouGov to commission a survey on the topic. It revealed that 41% of parents struggle in some way to provide food when school is closed, and that nearly half (44%) of parents are more worried now than they were this time last year about getting their kids fed.

Further, it found that among parents who struggle to provide for everyone in the household, 75% are at least somewhat concerned about the ability to afford food during school breaks, while almost half (42%) reported skipping meals themselves to make sure their kids got fed. The majority said they have either budgeted more carefully (60%) or cut back on other expenses (52%) to address the summer food concerns.

The survey, which was fielded in May and had its findings released on June 20, gathered responses from 459 U.S. parents of children under 18.

It sought to get up-to-date information about the realities of summer hunger, which experts already know leads to physical, behavioral, and mental-health problems for kids as well as poor academic performance when school begins again, known as the “summer slide,” which disproportionately affects low-income children—not to mention the effect on a parent’s mental health, who may experience depression and anxiety due over the struggle to nourish their children.

“We know that when kids and families are missing meals, it impacts both their physical health and their mental health. Kids that start the day with school breakfast we know have higher attendance rates, they do better in school, and they have less long-term health issues,” Sabella tells Fortune. “When they don’t have regular access to these meals over the summer months, it sets them back. And it can lead to that learning loss.”

It’s also a “real mental-health issue,” she adds, “where so many families think, ‘I’m alone, no one else is struggling this way.’ They don’t want to ask for help, because there’s a stigma associated with it. And that’s something that we really want to take away from this.”

Something the organization really wants to stress is that “the meals are there,” Sabella says. “If you’re eligible, you should take those meals.”

Where to find help

Sabella says her organization has been advocating for two different types of federal programs that will be implemented this year: There’s summer EBT, available nationwide for states that opt in, bringing eligible families $120 as a summer grocery benefit—which has been found to decrease by a third the number of households with children who sometimes went hungry. (But despite that, 15 states have not opted in, including Alabama, Georgia, and Nebraska, whose governor said, “I don’t believe in welfare.”)

There are also non-congregate meal programs, like grab and go or home delivery, for rural communities, where 48% of parents have a friend or relative who has experienced food insecurity when school is out (compared with 36% of parents overall), the survey found.

Also for those struggling in rural areas, 92% said they were concerned about being able to afford food for their family during school breaks and 77% were worried about being able to provide the meals their children typically receive at school. Similarly, in the South, 82% were concerned about being able to afford food in the summer and 66% were worried about being able to provide the meals usually received at school.

Other solutions, which come with the challenge of sufficiently getting the word out, says Sabella, include local emergency food providers, whether community organizations or faith-based facilities, and food pantries—some of which have partnered with HelloFresh, which donates its surplus of fresh produce to community programs weekly and has designed a meal kit for the food insecure, distributing 40,000 servings directly in a handful of communities weekly.

“I think a lot of us feel like, you know, we’re past the pandemic. Things are back to normal. But food insecurity has not gotten better since a pandemic—it’s actually gotten worse,” Jeff Yorzyk, senior director of sustainability and summer hunger report lead for HelloFresh North America, tells Fortune. “And as we started to get into the details, we saw there’s a cost of living crisis that’s emerging, really making it more financially stressful for parents. I think it really surprised us how high some of those [food insecurity] numbers were.”

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