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美聯儲再次加息50個點,并暗示將進一步加息

鮑威爾一再表示,他愿意讓經濟遭受一些痛苦,以降低通脹。

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美聯儲主席杰羅姆·鮑威爾(Jerome Powell)。圖片來源:DREW ANGERER/GETTY IMAGES

美聯儲放慢了快速加息的步伐,同時表明,由于各國央行行長尋求確保通脹持續降溫,目前處于2007年以來最高水平的借貸成本的升幅將超過投資者預期。

聯邦公開市場委員會將基準利率上調50個基點,至4.25%至4.5%的目標區間。根據他們的預測中值,政策制定者預計明年年底的利率將為5.1%,然后在2024年下調至4.1%,高于此前預測的水平。

鷹派預測有可能沖擊金融市場,對美聯儲將很快暫停加息的猜測,在一定程度上改善了金融環境。自鮑威爾上個月暗示政策即將轉變以來,股票上漲,而抵押貸款利率和美元下跌。

在該決定公布之前,投資者押注利率將在5月達到4.8%左右,隨后在今年下半年降息50個基點,反映出這樣的一種觀點:美聯儲將被迫改變政策以應對經濟疲軟和通脹下降。

相反,美聯儲官員在周三表述其立場堅定。

聯邦公開市場委員會在聲明中表示:“委員會預計,為了達到足以限制通貨膨脹率在一段時間內恢復到2%的貨幣政策立場,持續提高目標區間將是適當的?!甭摪罟_市場委員會在聲明中重復了之前的措辭。

投票是一致通過的。

國債收益率上升,標普500指數回吐日內漲幅,美元指數日內跌幅收窄。

美聯儲主席杰羅姆·鮑威爾將于下午2:30在華盛頓舉行新聞發布會,此前他曾暗示計劃適度加息,同時強調緊縮的步伐不如高點和利率處于高位的持續時間那么重要。

此前,美聯儲連續4次加息75個基點,這波加息的速度是自保羅?沃爾克(Paul Volcker)在上世紀80年代領導美聯儲以來最快的。

消費者物價漲幅從今年早些時候的40年高點開始出現更為明顯的放緩。但越來越多的經濟學家預計,美聯儲的激進行動將使美國經濟在明年陷入衰退。

這種擔憂引起了議員們的批評,民主黨參議員伊麗莎白·沃倫(Elizabeth Warren)、伯尼·桑德斯(Bernie Sanders)和謝爾頓·懷特豪斯(Sheldon Whitehouse)警告稱,加息可能會“讓經濟放緩”。

官員們給出了更明確的信號,表明他們預計加息將對經濟產生影響。根據周三發布的預測中值,他們下調了2023年的增長預測,預計增幅為0.5%。他們將2022年的GDP預測略微上調至0.5%。央行行長將明年的失業率預期從11月份的3.7%上調至4.6%。

利率預測的分布也偏高,19名官員中有7人預計明年利率將超過5.25%。

美聯儲官員上調了他們首選的通脹指標——個人消費支出指數的主要和核心讀數的估計值。他們現在預計2023年的個人消費支出為3.1%,而9月份的估計為2.8%,而明年的核心消費支出(不包括食品和能源)可能為3.5%。

周三公布的舉措為美國央行充滿挑戰的一年畫上了句點。為了應對不斷飆升的價格壓力,美聯儲最初在收緊政策方面行動遲緩。

自3月份將利率從接近零的水平上調以來,美聯儲一直在積極采取行動,以跟上形勢的變化,同時保留了實現軟著陸、避免失業率大幅上升的希望。

官員們正尋求將增長放緩至低于其長期趨勢的水平,以為勞動力市場降溫——職位空缺仍遠遠高于美國失業人數——并減輕了遠高于2%目標的物價壓力。

官員們周二得到了一些好消息,政府數據顯示,在截至11月的一年里,消費者物價指數上漲7.1%,為今年最低水平。

即便如此,鮑威爾一再表示,他愿意讓經濟遭受一些痛苦,以降低通脹,避免重蹈上世紀70年代美聯儲過早放松貨幣政策的覆轍。(財富中文網)

譯者:中慧言-王芳

美聯儲放慢了快速加息的步伐,同時表明,由于各國央行行長尋求確保通脹持續降溫,目前處于2007年以來最高水平的借貸成本的升幅將超過投資者預期。

聯邦公開市場委員會將基準利率上調50個基點,至4.25%至4.5%的目標區間。根據他們的預測中值,政策制定者預計明年年底的利率將為5.1%,然后在2024年下調至4.1%,高于此前預測的水平。

鷹派預測有可能沖擊金融市場,對美聯儲將很快暫停加息的猜測,在一定程度上改善了金融環境。自鮑威爾上個月暗示政策即將轉變以來,股票上漲,而抵押貸款利率和美元下跌。

在該決定公布之前,投資者押注利率將在5月達到4.8%左右,隨后在今年下半年降息50個基點,反映出這樣的一種觀點:美聯儲將被迫改變政策以應對經濟疲軟和通脹下降。

相反,美聯儲官員在周三表述其立場堅定。

聯邦公開市場委員會在聲明中表示:“委員會預計,為了達到足以限制通貨膨脹率在一段時間內恢復到2%的貨幣政策立場,持續提高目標區間將是適當的?!甭摪罟_市場委員會在聲明中重復了之前的措辭。

投票是一致通過的。

國債收益率上升,標普500指數回吐日內漲幅,美元指數日內跌幅收窄。

美聯儲主席杰羅姆·鮑威爾將于下午2:30在華盛頓舉行新聞發布會,此前他曾暗示計劃適度加息,同時強調緊縮的步伐不如高點和利率處于高位的持續時間那么重要。

此前,美聯儲連續4次加息75個基點,這波加息的速度是自保羅?沃爾克(Paul Volcker)在上世紀80年代領導美聯儲以來最快的。

消費者物價漲幅從今年早些時候的40年高點開始出現更為明顯的放緩。但越來越多的經濟學家預計,美聯儲的激進行動將使美國經濟在明年陷入衰退。

這種擔憂引起了議員們的批評,民主黨參議員伊麗莎白·沃倫(Elizabeth Warren)、伯尼·桑德斯(Bernie Sanders)和謝爾頓·懷特豪斯(Sheldon Whitehouse)警告稱,加息可能會“讓經濟放緩”。

官員們給出了更明確的信號,表明他們預計加息將對經濟產生影響。根據周三發布的預測中值,他們下調了2023年的增長預測,預計增幅為0.5%。他們將2022年的GDP預測略微上調至0.5%。央行行長將明年的失業率預期從11月份的3.7%上調至4.6%。

利率預測的分布也偏高,19名官員中有7人預計明年利率將超過5.25%。

美聯儲官員上調了他們首選的通脹指標——個人消費支出指數的主要和核心讀數的估計值。他們現在預計2023年的個人消費支出為3.1%,而9月份的估計為2.8%,而明年的核心消費支出(不包括食品和能源)可能為3.5%。

周三公布的舉措為美國央行充滿挑戰的一年畫上了句點。為了應對不斷飆升的價格壓力,美聯儲最初在收緊政策方面行動遲緩。

自3月份將利率從接近零的水平上調以來,美聯儲一直在積極采取行動,以跟上形勢的變化,同時保留了實現軟著陸、避免失業率大幅上升的希望。

官員們正尋求將增長放緩至低于其長期趨勢的水平,以為勞動力市場降溫——職位空缺仍遠遠高于美國失業人數——并減輕了遠高于2%目標的物價壓力。

官員們周二得到了一些好消息,政府數據顯示,在截至11月的一年里,消費者物價指數上漲7.1%,為今年最低水平。

即便如此,鮑威爾一再表示,他愿意讓經濟遭受一些痛苦,以降低通脹,避免重蹈上世紀70年代美聯儲過早放松貨幣政策的覆轍。(財富中文網)

譯者:中慧言-王芳

Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell.

DREW ANGERER/GETTY IMAGES

The Federal Reserve downshifted its rapid pace of interest-rate hikes while signaling that borrowing costs, now the highest since 2007, will rise more than investors anticipate as central bankers seek to ensure inflation keeps cooling.

The Federal Open Market Committee raised its benchmark rate by 50 basis points to a 4.25% to 4.5% target range. Policymakers projected rates would end next year at 5.1%, according to their median forecast, before being cut to 4.1% in 2024 — a higher level than previously indicated.

The hawkish projections have the potential to jolt financial markets, where speculation that the Fed would soon pause its hikes has contributed to easier financial conditions. Stocks have risen, while mortgage rates and the dollar have fallen since Powell last month suggested a policy shift was coming.

Investors prior to the decision bet rates would reach about 4.8% in May, followed by cuts totaling 50 basis points in the second half of the year – reflecting views that the Fed would be forced to shift in response to a weaker economy and falling inflation.

Instead, Fed officials stood firm on Wednesday.

“The committee anticipates that ongoing increases in the target range will be appropriate in order to attain a stance of monetary policy that is sufficiently restrictive to return inflation to 2% over time,” the FOMC said in its statement, repeating language it has used in previous communications.

The vote was unanimous.

Treasury yields rose and the S&P 500 index gave up the day’s gains and the dollar index pared losses on the day.

Fed Chair Jerome Powell, who holds a press conference at 2:30 p.m. in Washington, had previously signaled plans to moderate hikes, while emphasizing that the pace of tightening is less significant than the peak and the duration of rates at a high level.

The decision follows four consecutive 75 basis-point hikes that have boosted rates at the fastest pace since Paul Volcker led the central bank in the 1980s.

Consumer-price increases have begun a more pronounced slowdown from their 40-year high earlier this year. But a growing cadre of economists expect the Fed’s aggressive action to tip the US into recession next year.

Such concerns have drawn lawmaker criticism, with Democratic senators Elizabeth Warren, Bernie Sanders and Sheldon Whitehouse warning that rate hikes risk “slowing the economy to a crawl.”

Officials gave a clearer sign that they expect higher rates to impact the economy. They cut their 2023 growth forecasts, seeing expansion of 0.5%, according to median projections released Wednesday. They raised their estimate for 2022 GDP slightly to 0.5%. The central bankers increased their projection for the unemployment rate next year to 4.6% from its 3.7% level in November.

The distribution of rate forecasts also skewed higher, with seven of 19 officials seeing rates above 5.25% next year.

Fed officials raised their estimates for the main and core readings of their preferred inflation gauge, the index for personal consumption expenditures. They now see PCE at 3.1% in 2023 compared with a September estimate of 2.8%, while core — which excludes food and energy — may be 3.5% for next year.

Wednesday’s move caps a challenging year for the US central bank which was initially slow to begin tightening policy in response to surging price pressures.

Since lifting rates from near zero in March, the Fed has moved aggressively to catch up, while preserving hope it can deliver a soft landing that avoids a dramatic surge in unemployment.

Officials are seeking to slow growth to below its long-term trend to cool the labor market — with job openings still far above the number of unemployed Americans — and reduce pressure on prices that are running well above their 2% target.

Officials got some good news Tuesday when government data showed consumer prices rose 7.1% in the year ending November, the lowest rate this year.

Even so, Powell has repeatedly said he’s willing for the economy to suffer some pain to lower inflation and avoid the mistakes of the 1970s when the Fed prematurely loosened monetary policy.

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