近年來,美國的勞動(dòng)力大軍中估計(jì)有34%的人投身零工經(jīng)濟(jì)。由于新冠疫情襲來,傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)“關(guān)門閉店”,我們愈發(fā)依賴零工勞動(dòng)者。
Envestnet-Yodlee的新冠疫情收支趨勢(COVID-19 Income and Spending Trends)數(shù)據(jù)顯示,即使經(jīng)濟(jì)重啟,消費(fèi)者卻繼續(xù)依賴零工服務(wù),外賣配送和支出仍然增長50%以上。不過,雖然我們需要零工,但他們的經(jīng)濟(jì)需求卻得不到滿足。
零工經(jīng)濟(jì)中的大量機(jī)會(huì)吸引了許多失業(yè)和半失業(yè)的人,但傳統(tǒng)的信用評(píng)分依賴傳統(tǒng)職業(yè),新興職業(yè)的信用記錄因此成了大難題。許多人想要積累信用,專注于尋找機(jī)會(huì)提高自己的傳統(tǒng)信用評(píng)分。在傳統(tǒng)信用評(píng)分外,金融服務(wù)提供商還應(yīng)該采用另類數(shù)據(jù),適應(yīng)日益?zhèn)€性化、多樣化和現(xiàn)代化的經(jīng)濟(jì)。
為什么零工無法積累信用記錄?
根據(jù)美國聯(lián)邦存款保險(xiǎn)公司(Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查,每20戶美國家庭中就有超過一戶沒有銀行賬戶,或者說,總共有1410萬美國成年人沒有銀行賬戶。許多零工勞動(dòng)者被指“無銀行賬戶”或“無信用記錄”,因?yàn)樗麄兒苌倩蚋緵]有傳統(tǒng)的信用記錄。雖然號(hào)稱有收入,但難以查證準(zhǔn)確的數(shù)額。這導(dǎo)致貸款機(jī)構(gòu)猶豫不決,不愿意承擔(dān)向這一群體放貸的高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。在某些情況下,依賴零工勞動(dòng)者的平臺(tái)自行發(fā)放貸款、提供信貸機(jī)會(huì),聊以慰藉。
幸運(yùn)的是,附加數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn),例如消費(fèi)者支付水電費(fèi)或話費(fèi)的能力,再結(jié)合傳統(tǒng)的信用評(píng)分,可以提高個(gè)人的信用度和還貸能力。這樣為從事零工經(jīng)濟(jì)的人拓寬了積累信用的渠道。
雖然傳統(tǒng)的信用報(bào)告依然是衡量信用記錄和過往財(cái)務(wù)可靠性的有力指標(biāo),但新冠疫情之下的形勢表明,需要更加注重信用維持和使用另類數(shù)據(jù)來加強(qiáng)信用評(píng)分模型。另類數(shù)據(jù)可能有助于負(fù)責(zé)任地?cái)U(kuò)大消費(fèi)者積累信用的機(jī)會(huì),支持更具包容性的經(jīng)濟(jì)。
信用的未來
我們今天看到的傳統(tǒng)信用報(bào)告由來已久,尚未適應(yīng)許多以消費(fèi)者為中心的科技創(chuàng)新發(fā)展。有清晰的銀行交易數(shù)據(jù),能夠使貸款機(jī)構(gòu)了解消費(fèi)者消費(fèi)和收入的頻率,從而明確可以用于支付賬單的資產(chǎn)。但在某些情況下,傳統(tǒng)的信用評(píng)分并不能夠完整地體現(xiàn)借款人的還貸能力。
在現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)中,還需要考慮附加數(shù)據(jù),尤其是非常規(guī)數(shù)據(jù)。理想的解決方案是:在傳統(tǒng)的信用報(bào)告基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合考慮關(guān)于資產(chǎn)、收入和非信貸經(jīng)常性支出的深入數(shù)據(jù)。在這個(gè)方面,高科技大顯身手,可以核實(shí)非傳統(tǒng)的零工勞動(dòng)者的收入。
在后疫情時(shí)代,零工經(jīng)濟(jì)崛起,金融服務(wù)業(yè)需要跟上形勢。銀行需要在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估中考慮使用另類數(shù)據(jù)。貸款機(jī)構(gòu)將一切因素考慮在內(nèi),就能夠?qū)︼L(fēng)險(xiǎn)決策更有信心,消費(fèi)者也可以在金融服務(wù)中收獲更多。利用金融業(yè)掌握的所有信息,能夠更清楚地了解每個(gè)人的財(cái)務(wù)狀況。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
布蘭登·倫貝是Envestnet | Yodlee的首席產(chǎn)品官。他在打造高增長技術(shù)、軟件和信息服務(wù)公司方面擁有超過18年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
譯者:Transn
近年來,美國的勞動(dòng)力大軍中估計(jì)有34%的人投身零工經(jīng)濟(jì)。由于新冠疫情襲來,傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)“關(guān)門閉店”,我們愈發(fā)依賴零工勞動(dòng)者。
Envestnet-Yodlee的新冠疫情收支趨勢(COVID-19 Income and Spending Trends)數(shù)據(jù)顯示,即使經(jīng)濟(jì)重啟,消費(fèi)者卻繼續(xù)依賴零工服務(wù),外賣配送和支出仍然增長50%以上。不過,雖然我們需要零工,但他們的經(jīng)濟(jì)需求卻得不到滿足。
零工經(jīng)濟(jì)中的大量機(jī)會(huì)吸引了許多失業(yè)和半失業(yè)的人,但傳統(tǒng)的信用評(píng)分依賴傳統(tǒng)職業(yè),新興職業(yè)的信用記錄因此成了大難題。許多人想要積累信用,專注于尋找機(jī)會(huì)提高自己的傳統(tǒng)信用評(píng)分。在傳統(tǒng)信用評(píng)分外,金融服務(wù)提供商還應(yīng)該采用另類數(shù)據(jù),適應(yīng)日益?zhèn)€性化、多樣化和現(xiàn)代化的經(jīng)濟(jì)。
為什么零工無法積累信用記錄?
根據(jù)美國聯(lián)邦存款保險(xiǎn)公司(Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查,每20戶美國家庭中就有超過一戶沒有銀行賬戶,或者說,總共有1410萬美國成年人沒有銀行賬戶。許多零工勞動(dòng)者被指“無銀行賬戶”或“無信用記錄”,因?yàn)樗麄兒苌倩蚋緵]有傳統(tǒng)的信用記錄。雖然號(hào)稱有收入,但難以查證準(zhǔn)確的數(shù)額。這導(dǎo)致貸款機(jī)構(gòu)猶豫不決,不愿意承擔(dān)向這一群體放貸的高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。在某些情況下,依賴零工勞動(dòng)者的平臺(tái)自行發(fā)放貸款、提供信貸機(jī)會(huì),聊以慰藉。
幸運(yùn)的是,附加數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn),例如消費(fèi)者支付水電費(fèi)或話費(fèi)的能力,再結(jié)合傳統(tǒng)的信用評(píng)分,可以提高個(gè)人的信用度和還貸能力。這樣為從事零工經(jīng)濟(jì)的人拓寬了積累信用的渠道。
雖然傳統(tǒng)的信用報(bào)告依然是衡量信用記錄和過往財(cái)務(wù)可靠性的有力指標(biāo),但新冠疫情之下的形勢表明,需要更加注重信用維持和使用另類數(shù)據(jù)來加強(qiáng)信用評(píng)分模型。另類數(shù)據(jù)可能有助于負(fù)責(zé)任地?cái)U(kuò)大消費(fèi)者積累信用的機(jī)會(huì),支持更具包容性的經(jīng)濟(jì)。
信用的未來
我們今天看到的傳統(tǒng)信用報(bào)告由來已久,尚未適應(yīng)許多以消費(fèi)者為中心的科技創(chuàng)新發(fā)展。有清晰的銀行交易數(shù)據(jù),能夠使貸款機(jī)構(gòu)了解消費(fèi)者消費(fèi)和收入的頻率,從而明確可以用于支付賬單的資產(chǎn)。但在某些情況下,傳統(tǒng)的信用評(píng)分并不能夠完整地體現(xiàn)借款人的還貸能力。
在現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)中,還需要考慮附加數(shù)據(jù),尤其是非常規(guī)數(shù)據(jù)。理想的解決方案是:在傳統(tǒng)的信用報(bào)告基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合考慮關(guān)于資產(chǎn)、收入和非信貸經(jīng)常性支出的深入數(shù)據(jù)。在這個(gè)方面,高科技大顯身手,可以核實(shí)非傳統(tǒng)的零工勞動(dòng)者的收入。
在后疫情時(shí)代,零工經(jīng)濟(jì)崛起,金融服務(wù)業(yè)需要跟上形勢。銀行需要在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估中考慮使用另類數(shù)據(jù)。貸款機(jī)構(gòu)將一切因素考慮在內(nèi),就能夠?qū)︼L(fēng)險(xiǎn)決策更有信心,消費(fèi)者也可以在金融服務(wù)中收獲更多。利用金融業(yè)掌握的所有信息,能夠更清楚地了解每個(gè)人的財(cái)務(wù)狀況。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
布蘭登·倫貝是Envestnet | Yodlee的首席產(chǎn)品官。他在打造高增長技術(shù)、軟件和信息服務(wù)公司方面擁有超過18年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
譯者:Transn
In recent years, the gig economy has grown to the extent that it now employs an estimated 34% of the U.S. workforce. Our reliance on gig workers was highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic as many aspects of the traditional economy shut down.
Consumers continue to rely on these services even as economies reopen, with food delivery usage and spending both still up over 50%, according to Envestnet-Yodlee’s COVID-19 Income and Spending Trends data. However, while we need these workers, their financial needs are not being met.
Opportunities in the gig economy attract many unemployed and underemployed workers, but access to credit remains a significant hurdle for them, with traditional credit scores reliant on traditional employment. Many of these individuals fall into the category of credit builders, who are focused on seeking opportunities to raise their traditional scores. By using alternative data points alongside traditional credit scores, financial service providers can best serve our increasingly individualized, diverse, and modern economy.
Why are gig workers credit invisible?
According to a recent survey by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), over one in 20 U.S. households, or a total 14.1 million American adults, are unbanked. Many gig workers are described as “underbanked” or “credit invisible” because they have little or no traditional credit history. While reported income helps these consumers, accurate income can be difficult to obtain. This has led to hesitancy on the part of lenders, who were less likely to take on potential increased risk by lending to this demographic. In some cases, platforms that rely on gig workers are filling the gap for the underbanked by offering loans and credit opportunities to their de facto workforce.
Fortunately, additional data points, such as a consumers’ ability to pay utility or mobile phone bills, combined with traditional credit scores, can augment an individual’s creditworthiness and ability to pay back a loan. This process can allow for increased access to credit for those who support the gig economy.
While traditional credit reports remain a strong indicator of credit history and past financial reliability, the pandemic demonstrated a need for increased focus on credit maintenance and the use of alternative data to enhance credit scoring models. Alternative data has the potential to help responsibly expand consumer access to credit opportunities and support a more inclusive economy.
The future of credit
The way we see traditional credit reports today is reflective of a system that was created prior to many developments in consumer-focused technology innovation. Having clear bank transaction data allows lenders to understand how often consumers spend and earn income, which clarifies assets available to pay bills. But in some cases, a traditional credit score is no longer a full representation of a borrower’s ability to pay back a loan.
Additional data, especially nonconventional data, will best align with our modern economy. The ideal solution needs to combine traditional credit reports with insightful data on assets, income, and payment of noncredit recurring expenses. This is where technology provides a bridge to greater financial opportunity, with the ability to verify the income of workers with sporadic, nontraditional forms of work.
As the gig economy continues to grow in a post-COVID world, the financial services sector needs to do more. Banks need to consider using alternative data as part of risk assessments. By taking everything into consideration, lenders can be more confident in their risk decisions, and consumers can be more empowered in their financial journeys. And by leveraging all of the information already at the financial industry’s fingertips, we can paint a clearer picture of everyone’s financial status.
Brandon Rembe is the chief product officer at Envestnet | Yodlee. He has over 18 years of experience building high-growth technology, software, and information service companies.