以迅速傳播的德?tīng)査局隇榇恚鹿谧儺惗局暝谌蚍秶鷥?nèi)越來(lái)越多地出現(xiàn)。無(wú)論是否接種過(guò)新冠疫苗,人們想知道不同的疫苗應(yīng)對(duì)德?tīng)査@類(lèi)變異毒株到底能不能派上用場(chǎng)?這些疫苗的有效性究竟如何?
目前的數(shù)據(jù)還很不完善,而正在進(jìn)行中的、針對(duì)新感染的病例監(jiān)測(cè)還需要好幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間才能給出更準(zhǔn)確的信息。盡管如此,我們到目前為止有理由相信,已經(jīng)上市的幾種疫苗至少可以防止新冠病毒造成最壞后果——例如那些病情嚴(yán)重的、或是需要住院治療的、或是導(dǎo)致死亡的案例——盡管其保護(hù)效力與其他毒株相比要差一些。
輝瑞公司(Pfizer)和Moderna公司的mRNA疫苗對(duì)抑制德?tīng)査局甑膫鞑タ赡懿蝗鐟?yīng)對(duì)其它新冠毒株感染機(jī)制更有效,因?yàn)榈聽(tīng)査局臧l(fā)生突變的位置是病毒借以附著在人體細(xì)胞上的“尖峰蛋白”。但正如美國(guó)知名醫(yī)生埃里克?托普博士所指出的,來(lái)自多個(gè)國(guó)家的現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn),輝瑞公司和Moderna公司的疫苗在預(yù)防因?yàn)楦腥拘鹿诓《径≡骸⒁约耙驗(yàn)楦腥镜聽(tīng)査儺惗局甓劳龇矫妫行赃_(dá)到96%。阿斯利康公司(AstraZeneca)的疫苗沒(méi)有在美國(guó)獲得上市批準(zhǔn),但已經(jīng)在全球其他多個(gè)國(guó)家使用,它的有效性是92%。
在美國(guó),有效、安全的疫苗供應(yīng)量遠(yuǎn)超實(shí)際需求量。未來(lái)某一天,人們將回頭來(lái)看這段歷史,奇怪為何美國(guó)沒(méi)有充分利用疫苗這個(gè)工具來(lái)阻止德?tīng)査局甑膫鞑ァ?/p>
——埃里克?托普(@EricTopol),2021年7月11日
同樣,這并不意味著德?tīng)査局辏ɑ蚴秦愃①ゑR等其它毒株)不能感染已經(jīng)完成疫苗全程接種的人體,實(shí)際上它們可能導(dǎo)致一些新冠肺炎的癥狀。但至少輝瑞、Moderna和阿斯利康的疫苗看上去大大降低了那些已經(jīng)打過(guò)疫苗的人最終被插上呼吸機(jī)或送進(jìn)太平間的比例。
不過(guò),托普分享的數(shù)據(jù)并不包括強(qiáng)生公司(Johnson & Johnson)的新冠疫苗(除輝瑞公司和Moderna公司外,第三個(gè)在美國(guó)獲得美國(guó)食品與藥品監(jiān)督管理局上市批準(zhǔn)的疫苗)的重要信息。但強(qiáng)生公司在本月早些時(shí)候表示,其研究表明,該公司疫苗對(duì)德?tīng)査局暧泻軓?qiáng)的保護(hù)作用,盡管與其它毒株相比效力可能會(huì)減弱一些,而且隨著時(shí)間的推移,免疫力還會(huì)變得更強(qiáng)。至少在短期內(nèi),強(qiáng)生疫苗的保護(hù)作用讓已經(jīng)完成全程接種的美國(guó)人不再需要注射加強(qiáng)針。
但是,我們?nèi)匀恍枰嗟臄?shù)據(jù)來(lái)確定全球各地正在使用的大量其它疫苗是否與這些大公司制造的疫苗一樣有效。
對(duì)美國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō),好消息是美國(guó)疾控中心(Centers for Disease Control)還沒(méi)有將任何新的新冠毒株列為 “嚴(yán)重后果毒株”,這也說(shuō)明目前已經(jīng)上市的疫苗正在減緩德?tīng)査局甑膫鞑?dǎo)致的嚴(yán)重后果。
如果某種毒株達(dá)到了“嚴(yán)重后果毒株”這個(gè)等級(jí),而不只是“需引起關(guān)注的毒株”或“需高度關(guān)注的毒株”,那就可能意味著大麻煩,因?yàn)檫@說(shuō)明“有證據(jù)表明疫苗的有效性大大降低,毒株導(dǎo)致的病例數(shù)量過(guò)高,或者疫苗對(duì)嚴(yán)重疾病的保護(hù)作用非常之低。”(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:傲詩(shī)
以迅速傳播的德?tīng)査局隇榇恚鹿谧儺惗局暝谌蚍秶鷥?nèi)越來(lái)越多地出現(xiàn)。無(wú)論是否接種過(guò)新冠疫苗,人們想知道不同的疫苗應(yīng)對(duì)德?tīng)査@類(lèi)變異毒株到底能不能派上用場(chǎng)?這些疫苗的有效性究竟如何?
目前的數(shù)據(jù)還很不完善,而正在進(jìn)行中的、針對(duì)新感染的病例監(jiān)測(cè)還需要好幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間才能給出更準(zhǔn)確的信息。盡管如此,我們到目前為止有理由相信,已經(jīng)上市的幾種疫苗至少可以防止新冠病毒造成最壞后果——例如那些病情嚴(yán)重的、或是需要住院治療的、或是導(dǎo)致死亡的案例——盡管其保護(hù)效力與其他毒株相比要差一些。
輝瑞公司(Pfizer)和Moderna公司的mRNA疫苗對(duì)抑制德?tīng)査局甑膫鞑タ赡懿蝗鐟?yīng)對(duì)其它新冠毒株感染機(jī)制更有效,因?yàn)榈聽(tīng)査局臧l(fā)生突變的位置是病毒借以附著在人體細(xì)胞上的“尖峰蛋白”。但正如美國(guó)知名醫(yī)生埃里克?托普博士所指出的,來(lái)自多個(gè)國(guó)家的現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn),輝瑞公司和Moderna公司的疫苗在預(yù)防因?yàn)楦腥拘鹿诓《径≡骸⒁约耙驗(yàn)楦腥镜聽(tīng)査儺惗局甓劳龇矫妫行赃_(dá)到96%。阿斯利康公司(AstraZeneca)的疫苗沒(méi)有在美國(guó)獲得上市批準(zhǔn),但已經(jīng)在全球其他多個(gè)國(guó)家使用,它的有效性是92%。
在美國(guó),有效、安全的疫苗供應(yīng)量遠(yuǎn)超實(shí)際需求量。未來(lái)某一天,人們將回頭來(lái)看這段歷史,奇怪為何美國(guó)沒(méi)有充分利用疫苗這個(gè)工具來(lái)阻止德?tīng)査局甑膫鞑ァ?/p>
——埃里克?托普(@EricTopol),2021年7月11日
同樣,這并不意味著德?tīng)査局辏ɑ蚴秦愃①ゑR等其它毒株)不能感染已經(jīng)完成疫苗全程接種的人體,實(shí)際上它們可能導(dǎo)致一些新冠肺炎的癥狀。但至少輝瑞、Moderna和阿斯利康的疫苗看上去大大降低了那些已經(jīng)打過(guò)疫苗的人最終被插上呼吸機(jī)或送進(jìn)太平間的比例。
不過(guò),托普分享的數(shù)據(jù)并不包括強(qiáng)生公司(Johnson & Johnson)的新冠疫苗(除輝瑞公司和Moderna公司外,第三個(gè)在美國(guó)獲得美國(guó)食品與藥品監(jiān)督管理局上市批準(zhǔn)的疫苗)的重要信息。但強(qiáng)生公司在本月早些時(shí)候表示,其研究表明,該公司疫苗對(duì)德?tīng)査局暧泻軓?qiáng)的保護(hù)作用,盡管與其它毒株相比效力可能會(huì)減弱一些,而且隨著時(shí)間的推移,免疫力還會(huì)變得更強(qiáng)。至少在短期內(nèi),強(qiáng)生疫苗的保護(hù)作用讓已經(jīng)完成全程接種的美國(guó)人不再需要注射加強(qiáng)針。
但是,我們?nèi)匀恍枰嗟臄?shù)據(jù)來(lái)確定全球各地正在使用的大量其它疫苗是否與這些大公司制造的疫苗一樣有效。
對(duì)美國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō),好消息是美國(guó)疾控中心(Centers for Disease Control)還沒(méi)有將任何新的新冠毒株列為 “嚴(yán)重后果毒株”,這也說(shuō)明目前已經(jīng)上市的疫苗正在減緩德?tīng)査局甑膫鞑?dǎo)致的嚴(yán)重后果。
如果某種毒株達(dá)到了“嚴(yán)重后果毒株”這個(gè)等級(jí),而不只是“需引起關(guān)注的毒株”或“需高度關(guān)注的毒株”,那就可能意味著大麻煩,因?yàn)檫@說(shuō)明“有證據(jù)表明疫苗的有效性大大降低,毒株導(dǎo)致的病例數(shù)量過(guò)高,或者疫苗對(duì)嚴(yán)重疾病的保護(hù)作用非常之低。”(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:傲詩(shī)
As a growing number of COVID variants emerge across the globe, including the rapidly spreading Delta variant, vaccinated and unvaccinated people alike have been wondering how much protection various vaccines offer against strains like the Delta variant and how effective they are.
The available information is still fairly preliminary, and ongoing monitoring of new infections will have to go on for months before achieving more certainty. But there's reason to believe so far that at least in the case of severe illness, the need for COVID-related hospitalization, or death, several of the available vaccines can stem the novel coronavirus's most dire consequences, if with somewhat less efficacy than against other strains.
The mRNA-based vaccines from Pfizer and Moderna may not be quite as effective at reducing transmission of the Delta variant, which has a mutation in the "spike protein" the virus uses to latch on to the body's cells, and appears to be more effective than other coronavirus strains’ infection mechanisms. But as famed physician Dr. Eric Topol notes, the available data from multiple nations finds that the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are 96% effective in preventing COVID hospitalizations and deaths from Delta variant infections. AstraZeneca’s, which isn't authorized in America but which has been used in multiple other nations around the globe, offers 92% protection against the same.
History will look back on the US, with its overabundant supply of potent and safe vaccines, and wonder how it didn't adequately apply the tools to squash Delta in its tracks
— Eric Topol (@EricTopol) July 11, 2021
Again, that doesn't mean the Delta variant (or other strains such as the Beta or Gamma variants) can't make its away into a fully vaccinated individual, and they may even cause some COVID symptoms. But at the very least the Pfizer, Moderna, and AstraZeneca vaccines all appear to significantly reduce the chances that someone who has received their jabs will wind up on a ventilator or in the morgue.
Data shared by Topol doesn't include significant information about Johnson & Johnson's COVID vaccine (the third that has been given FDA authorization in the U.S. other than Pfizer’s and Moderna’s). But the company stated earlier this month that its research indicates strong, if somewhat lessened, protection against the Delta variant, with immunity becoming stronger over time. That performance could nix, at least in the short term, the need for a booster shot for fully vaccinated Americans.
But we still need far more data to determine whether the plethora of other vaccines being used across the globe are as effective as those made by the bigger names.
The good news for the U.S.—and a further indication that currently available vaccines are slowing the Delta variant's worst consequences (so far)—is that the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) hasn't listed a single new COVID strain as a "variant of high consequence."
Were a strain to reach that level rather than remain a "variant of interest" or "variant of concern," that could spell serious trouble since it would mean there's "evidence to suggest a significant reduction in vaccine effectiveness, a disproportionately high number of vaccine breakthrough cases, or very low vaccine-induced protection against severe disease."