1月27日,頗具人氣的股票交易應用軟件羅賓漢(Robinhood)惹了眾怒,原因是它限制了GameStop及其他幾只股票的買進,這些股票在過去一周一直是交易熱點。
1月28日下午,羅賓漢恢復了部分交易,但在此之前,該公司已經面臨至少兩起集體訴訟。訴訟稱,羅賓漢不允許散戶通過買入或賣空股票獲利,導致散戶利益受損。
與此同時,在社交媒體上,有很多人指責羅賓漢和華爾街大機構沆瀣一氣,壓榨普通投資者。此前也正是由于社交媒體的助推,GameStop、AMC影院(AMC Cinemas)和其他一些股票才出現了令人大開眼界的止跌暴漲。
批評者指責羅賓漢之所以限制股票買入,目的是為了幫助空頭。空頭大筆押注GameStop股價下跌,但因為散戶入場推高了GameStop股價而遭受重創。爭議發生后,連一些美國國會的議員也要求對羅賓漢進行調查。
目前,沒有明確證據表明羅賓漢和空頭之間有陰謀,而一些市場觀察人士也表示,羅賓漢此舉是為了保護自身的資產。但不管是什么原因,羅賓漢用戶的這場官司都并不好打。
雖然羅賓漢等券商公司有以最優價格執行客戶交易的受托責任,但這并不意味著他們必須執行某一特定證券的交易。事實上,據哥倫比亞大學法學院(Columbia Law School)的教授約書亞?米茨說,該公司可能會表示,在極端波動時停止交易,恰恰是在履行義務。
米茨撰寫了大量和證券法有關的著作,他還指出,羅賓漢應該承擔的義務范圍在一定程度上還取決于公司的服務條款。用戶必須同意這些條款才能夠注冊,從而賦予了該公司充分的自由裁量權,讓其有權以自身認可的方式運營平臺,甚至關閉用戶賬戶。
此外,目前還不清楚相關訴訟到底真的是為了維護股東權益,還是僅僅為了盡快和羅賓漢達成和解——有一批專門從事證券訴訟的律師事務所經常采取這種策略。至少其中一起訴訟讓人感覺特別匆忙,因為原告律師甚至拼錯了“集體訴訟”這個詞。
其他法律專家也同樣表示,針對羅賓漢的集體訴訟成功率不高。羅賓漢的發言人拒絕就此發表評論,也拒絕回應公司的服務條款是否允許其臨時限制用戶買入特定證券的問題。
這場爭議可能會引發一場曠日持久的爭論,即券商或交易所在極端波動時停止交易的做法是否合理。根據米茨的說法,沒有什么證據可以表明類似的做法能夠保護散戶的權益。他補充說,有很多人對金融機構持懷疑態度,這并不奇怪,因為對沖基金長期以來一直在使用包括賣空在內的交易策略,這些策略卻讓散戶投資者損失了數十億美元。
“散戶對精英階層充滿懷疑,經驗告訴他們,機構并沒有為他們尋求最大利益。”米茨說,“這種懷疑來自于過往經驗,合乎情理。”(財富中文網)
譯者:Agatha
1月27日,頗具人氣的股票交易應用軟件羅賓漢(Robinhood)惹了眾怒,原因是它限制了GameStop及其他幾只股票的買進,這些股票在過去一周一直是交易熱點。
1月28日下午,羅賓漢恢復了部分交易,但在此之前,該公司已經面臨至少兩起集體訴訟。訴訟稱,羅賓漢不允許散戶通過買入或賣空股票獲利,導致散戶利益受損。
與此同時,在社交媒體上,有很多人指責羅賓漢和華爾街大機構沆瀣一氣,壓榨普通投資者。此前也正是由于社交媒體的助推,GameStop、AMC影院(AMC Cinemas)和其他一些股票才出現了令人大開眼界的止跌暴漲。
批評者指責羅賓漢之所以限制股票買入,目的是為了幫助空頭。空頭大筆押注GameStop股價下跌,但因為散戶入場推高了GameStop股價而遭受重創。爭議發生后,連一些美國國會的議員也要求對羅賓漢進行調查。
目前,沒有明確證據表明羅賓漢和空頭之間有陰謀,而一些市場觀察人士也表示,羅賓漢此舉是為了保護自身的資產。但不管是什么原因,羅賓漢用戶的這場官司都并不好打。
雖然羅賓漢等券商公司有以最優價格執行客戶交易的受托責任,但這并不意味著他們必須執行某一特定證券的交易。事實上,據哥倫比亞大學法學院(Columbia Law School)的教授約書亞?米茨說,該公司可能會表示,在極端波動時停止交易,恰恰是在履行義務。
米茨撰寫了大量和證券法有關的著作,他還指出,羅賓漢應該承擔的義務范圍在一定程度上還取決于公司的服務條款。用戶必須同意這些條款才能夠注冊,從而賦予了該公司充分的自由裁量權,讓其有權以自身認可的方式運營平臺,甚至關閉用戶賬戶。
此外,目前還不清楚相關訴訟到底真的是為了維護股東權益,還是僅僅為了盡快和羅賓漢達成和解——有一批專門從事證券訴訟的律師事務所經常采取這種策略。至少其中一起訴訟讓人感覺特別匆忙,因為原告律師甚至拼錯了“集體訴訟”這個詞。
其他法律專家也同樣表示,針對羅賓漢的集體訴訟成功率不高。羅賓漢的發言人拒絕就此發表評論,也拒絕回應公司的服務條款是否允許其臨時限制用戶買入特定證券的問題。
這場爭議可能會引發一場曠日持久的爭論,即券商或交易所在極端波動時停止交易的做法是否合理。根據米茨的說法,沒有什么證據可以表明類似的做法能夠保護散戶的權益。他補充說,有很多人對金融機構持懷疑態度,這并不奇怪,因為對沖基金長期以來一直在使用包括賣空在內的交易策略,這些策略卻讓散戶投資者損失了數十億美元。
“散戶對精英階層充滿懷疑,經驗告訴他們,機構并沒有為他們尋求最大利益。”米茨說,“這種懷疑來自于過往經驗,合乎情理。”(財富中文網)
譯者:Agatha
Robinhood touched off widespread fury on January 27 after the popular stock-buying app halted customers' ability to purchase GameStop and a handful of other stocks that have been the subject of frenetic trading in the past week.
By January 28 afternoon, Robinhood has partially reversed the decision but not before getting smacked with at least two class action lawsuits. The lawsuits claim the company has harmed retail investors by preventing them from profiting by buying the stock or selling it short.
The lawsuits comes as many on social media—which has been fueling eye-popping rallies in GameStop, AMC Cinemas and other once beaten-down stocks—accuse Robinhood of siding with Wall Street bigwigs over ordinary investors.
According to such critics, Robinhood cut off stock purchases in order to help short sellers who had bet the price of GameStop would tumble, but then got battered as retail investors drove it up instead. The controversy has also led members of Congress to demand an investigation of Robinhood.
For now, there's no clear evidence of a conspiracy between Robinhood and the short sellers, and some market watchers say the move was to protect the company's own balance sheet. But whatever the reason, Robinhood customers are likely to face an uphill battle in the lawsuit.
While brokers like Robinhood have a fiduciary obligation to execute customer trades at the best price, that doesn't necessarily mean they must carry out trades in a given security. And in fact, the company might claim it was meeting its obligations by halting trades during a time of extreme volatility, according to Joshua Mitts, a professor at Columbia Law School.
Mitts, who has written extensively about securities law, also notes that the scope of Robinhood's obligation is determined in part by the company's terms of service. Those terms, which users must agree to upon signing up, provide the company with ample discretion to operate the platform as it sees fit or even terminate users' accounts.
Meanwhile, it's unclear whether the GameStop lawsuits are a serious attempt to help shareholders or simply to extract a quick settlement from Robinhood—a common tactic among a group of law firms who specialize in securities litigation. At least one of the claims feels particularly rushed with the lawyer who filed the case even misspelling "class action."
Other legal experts have likewise suggested the class action suits against Robinhood are a long shot. A spokesperson for Robinhood declined to comment on the litigation or if the company's terms of service grant it permission to suspend the purchase of given securities.
The controversy is likely to fuel a long-running debate over whether it is sound policy for brokerages or exchanges to halt trading at the time of extreme volatility. According to Mitts, there is little evidence that such halts serve to protect retail investors. He added that it's not surprising that many are suspicious of the financial establishment given that hedge funds have long deployed trading strategies, including short selling, that have cost retail investors billions of dollars.
"These retail investors feeling paranoid about the elites, and that institutions are not looking out for their best interests is rooted in experience," Mitts said. "It’s a justified paranoia based on what’s happened historically."