原油價格在11月9日大幅上揚,原因在于新冠疫苗有效性的好消息,以及時停時啟的封鎖令在全球范圍內的結束似乎讓業界看到了一個希望:需求可能會逐漸走出今年前所未有的跌幅深淵。
在11月9日下午早些時候,布倫特原油價格上漲了8.09%,達到42.64美元/桶,而WTI合約上漲了9.18%,達到了40.55美元/桶。成品油產品市場,包括汽油、加熱油和柴油也都出現了至少6.6%的漲幅。
燃油價格的激增并非源于拜登在總統大選中的勝出,而是輝瑞和BioNTech公司新冠疫情疫苗臨床試驗高成功率的聲明。雙方在美股市場開盤之前宣布了這則消息。
這種漲幅可能來得過早了,但位于奧斯陸的Rystad Energy原油市場負責人比約納?湯豪根說:“在交易者眼中,疫苗將有助于確保未來解除封鎖令,而且將讓人們回到街頭,使陸運和空運恢復生機?!?/p>
今春早些時候下達的封鎖令對原油需求帶來了深遠影響,制造了國際能源署(International Energy Agency)所謂的“黑色四月”,當時,原油消費量與去年相比下滑了2900萬桶/天,而全球交通則到了匍匐前進的地步,同時只有數個航班依舊在執飛。
今年秋天,隨著新病例的增加以及歐洲大部分地區重回封鎖狀態,即便休戚相關的美國總統選舉對原油價格也沒有帶來多大的影響,因為人們的眼中依然只有疫情沖擊。
國際能源署在上個月宣布,今年的原油需求將比2019年減少約870萬桶/日。
受到沖擊的不僅僅是原油。其他各類能源,包括可再生太陽能和風能,均出現了需求下滑,原因在于人們的日常生活發生了顛覆性的改變,尤其是在春季的第一波疫情期間。然而,原油受到的影響尤為嚴重,因為它嚴重依賴于車輛、航空和貨運交通的燃油消費,在這些領域,其他能源,不管是煤還是太陽能,幾乎都不是原油的對手(電動汽車亦無法撼動)。
當然,原油新需求的前景依然取決于多個未知因素,包括疫苗有效性的全貌,因為就連樂觀的傳染病專家都對此提出了警告。人們依然在問,當局如何以及何時才能夠推出一款成功的疫苗。因此,在疫苗興奮褪去后,油價急劇收縮的可能性在逐漸加大。
與此同時,拜登政府在多個領域都代表著一個截然不同的未來。這位總統當選者曾經承諾重回《巴黎協定》(Paris Agreement),并在2050年之前實現凈零排放目標。然而,由于參議院掌握在共和黨手中,我們尚不清楚拜登有多少政治權柄來推行這些政策。
反而,即將出現的疫苗則可能為測試眼下人們的日常習慣和消費是否發生了永久性變化帶來了一個中期機遇。從靈活工作安排和航空旅行的減少到經濟危機帶來的收入沖擊,再到眾多企業大部分依靠可再生能源來支撐運營,一些分析師認為其中的多項轉變可能會成為永久的現象。就連油氣公司都曾經警告稱存在這種可能性。越來越多的人認為,原油需求在2030年后的10年間可能會達到平衡,甚至會開始進入永恒下降通道。如果一切順利的話,2021年或許會為我們揭曉答案。(財富中文網)
譯者:馮豐
審校:夏林
原油價格在11月9日大幅上揚,原因在于新冠疫苗有效性的好消息,以及時停時啟的封鎖令在全球范圍內的結束似乎讓業界看到了一個希望:需求可能會逐漸走出今年前所未有的跌幅深淵。
在11月9日下午早些時候,布倫特原油價格上漲了8.09%,達到42.64美元/桶,而WTI合約上漲了9.18%,達到了40.55美元/桶。成品油產品市場,包括汽油、加熱油和柴油也都出現了至少6.6%的漲幅。
燃油價格的激增并非源于拜登在總統大選中的勝出,而是輝瑞和BioNTech公司新冠疫情疫苗臨床試驗高成功率的聲明。雙方在美股市場開盤之前宣布了這則消息。
這種漲幅可能來得過早了,但位于奧斯陸的Rystad Energy原油市場負責人比約納?湯豪根說:“在交易者眼中,疫苗將有助于確保未來解除封鎖令,而且將讓人們回到街頭,使陸運和空運恢復生機?!?/p>
今春早些時候下達的封鎖令對原油需求帶來了深遠影響,制造了國際能源署(International Energy Agency)所謂的“黑色四月”,當時,原油消費量與去年相比下滑了2900萬桶/天,而全球交通則到了匍匐前進的地步,同時只有數個航班依舊在執飛。
今年秋天,隨著新病例的增加以及歐洲大部分地區重回封鎖狀態,即便休戚相關的美國總統選舉對原油價格也沒有帶來多大的影響,因為人們的眼中依然只有疫情沖擊。
國際能源署在上個月宣布,今年的原油需求將比2019年減少約870萬桶/日。
受到沖擊的不僅僅是原油。其他各類能源,包括可再生太陽能和風能,均出現了需求下滑,原因在于人們的日常生活發生了顛覆性的改變,尤其是在春季的第一波疫情期間。然而,原油受到的影響尤為嚴重,因為它嚴重依賴于車輛、航空和貨運交通的燃油消費,在這些領域,其他能源,不管是煤還是太陽能,幾乎都不是原油的對手(電動汽車亦無法撼動)。
當然,原油新需求的前景依然取決于多個未知因素,包括疫苗有效性的全貌,因為就連樂觀的傳染病專家都對此提出了警告。人們依然在問,當局如何以及何時才能夠推出一款成功的疫苗。因此,在疫苗興奮褪去后,油價急劇收縮的可能性在逐漸加大。
與此同時,拜登政府在多個領域都代表著一個截然不同的未來。這位總統當選者曾經承諾重回《巴黎協定》(Paris Agreement),并在2050年之前實現凈零排放目標。然而,由于參議院掌握在共和黨手中,我們尚不清楚拜登有多少政治權柄來推行這些政策。
反而,即將出現的疫苗則可能為測試眼下人們的日常習慣和消費是否發生了永久性變化帶來了一個中期機遇。從靈活工作安排和航空旅行的減少到經濟危機帶來的收入沖擊,再到眾多企業大部分依靠可再生能源來支撐運營,一些分析師認為其中的多項轉變可能會成為永久的現象。就連油氣公司都曾經警告稱存在這種可能性。越來越多的人認為,原油需求在2030年后的10年間可能會達到平衡,甚至會開始進入永恒下降通道。如果一切順利的話,2021年或許會為我們揭曉答案。(財富中文網)
譯者:馮豐
審校:夏林
Oil prices were rallying dramatically on November 9, as the prospect of a workable COVID-19 vaccine—and an end to stop-and-start lockdowns worldwide—appeared to spark hope that demand could recover from an unprecedented drop this year.
On early afternoon November 9, Brent was up 8.09% to $42.64/barrel, while the WTI contract was up 9.18% to $40.55/barrel. Refined product markets, including gasoline, heating oil, and gas oil were also all up at least 6.6%.
Those surges were tied not to a Biden victory for President of the United States—but to the announcement of the high success rate in trials for the Pfizer and BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, which was announced before markets opened in the U.S.
Such a surge may be completely premature, but “in the eyes of traders, a vaccine will help ensure no future lockdowns are needed and will bring people back to the streets, allowing road and air transport to recover,” said Bjornar Tonhaugen, head of oil markets at Rystad Energy in Oslo.
Lockdowns earlier this spring had a profound impact on oil demand, producing what the International Energy Agency (IEA) called a “black April,” with consumption down 29 million barrels per day compared with the previous year, as traffic slowed to a crawl worldwide and just a fraction of flights continued.
This autumn, as cases have been rising and much of Europe has plunged back into lockdown, even the prospect of a high-stakes presidential election failed to have much of an impact on oil prices as the focus remained squarely on the impact of the pandemic.
Last month, the IEA declared that oil demand will be down an estimated 8.7 million barrels per day this year, compared with 2020.
It’s not just oil that has been hit. All forms of energy, including renewable solar and wind, saw demand fall owing to the transformation in how everyday people live their lives, particularly during the first shock in the spring. But oil has been particularly affected, because it is so reliant on demand from vehicle, aviation, and shipping traffic for consumption, areas where—electric cars notwithstanding—it faces almost no competition from other energy sources, whether coal or solar.
Of course, the prospect of a renewed demand for oil is still resting on several unknowns, including the full picture of the vaccine’s effectiveness, as even optimistic infectious disease experts have warned. And questions remain for even a successful vaccine on how and when it will be administered—raising the odds that there could be a sharp pullback when the excitement has worn off.
Meanwhile, a Biden administration represents a starkly different future on several fronts. The President-elect has pledged to reenter the Paris Agreement and pursue net-zero emissions by 2050. It remains unclear just how much political leverage Biden will have to pursue those policies if the Republican Party retains control of the Senate.
Instead, a looming vaccine may represent a medium-term chance to test whether daily habits and consumption have now changed for good. From flexible working arrangements and less air travel, to a hit to incomes from the economic crisis, to a commitment by many businesses to power operations largely from renewable sources, some analysts think several of these shifts could be here to stay. Even oil and gas companies have warned of that possibility. There is a growing consensus that oil demand could plateau, or even begin to decrease permanently, by the 2030s. Under the best of circumstances, 2021 may be the year to find out.