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股市暴跌不斷,特朗普上任以來(lái)的漲幅快跌沒(méi)了

Erik Sherman
2020-03-15

最近的股市下跌,使得特朗普第一個(gè)任期內(nèi)創(chuàng)下的收益,遠(yuǎn)低于奧巴馬第一個(gè)任期內(nèi)的市場(chǎng)收益。

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活,靠道瓊斯;死,也怨道瓊斯。

股市及其主要的指數(shù),與實(shí)際經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況是不同的,但它們是指標(biāo),對(duì)那些每次查看退休金余額都冒一身冷汗的人來(lái)說(shuō),更是重要的指標(biāo)。

唐納德·特朗普經(jīng)常玩這一手,市場(chǎng)行情好時(shí),他就居功。從他的推特帳戶可以看到一些例子:

2017年12月23日,“股市一次次地創(chuàng)下新紀(jì)錄,就業(yè)率降到17年來(lái)最低點(diǎn)。特朗普政府開年就有眾多成就,或許超過(guò)任何其他總統(tǒng)。”

2019年6月15日,“特朗普治下,經(jīng)濟(jì)創(chuàng)下紀(jì)錄,還會(huì)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間向上走…不過(guò),如果其他人在2020年取代我(我很了解總統(tǒng)寶座的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)),市場(chǎng)將會(huì)崩潰,以一種前所未見(jiàn)的方式崩潰!”

2020年1月9日,特朗普寫道,“股市創(chuàng)歷史新高!你的退休金情況如何?漲了70%、80%還是90%?只漲了50%!你做錯(cuò)了什么?”

不過(guò),此一時(shí),彼一時(shí)。

如果市場(chǎng)好時(shí),有人聲稱是他的功勞,那么最終在市場(chǎng)情況不好時(shí),他也得承擔(dān)罵名。特朗普確實(shí)也挨罵了。周二強(qiáng)勁的上揚(yáng),也未能彌補(bǔ)阻止持續(xù)恐慌性的下跌,以及此前所有的回落。

最近的股市下跌,使得特朗普第一個(gè)任期內(nèi)創(chuàng)下的收益,遠(yuǎn)低于奧巴馬第一個(gè)任期內(nèi)的市場(chǎng)收益。

不論他的任期內(nèi)市場(chǎng)收益高低,在總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選之際,特朗普任期的市場(chǎng)收益還能維持多久,這是一個(gè)問(wèn)題。羅素2000指數(shù)——即中小資本企業(yè)的指數(shù)——已經(jīng)回落到奧巴馬離開白宮時(shí)的水平。下表顯示其他指數(shù)尚有的收益狀況。

圖:和特朗普就職時(shí)比,幾項(xiàng)主要指數(shù)超過(guò)當(dāng)時(shí)的幅度

詹姆斯·卡維爾有一句著名的選舉真言:“要緊的是經(jīng)濟(jì)。傻瓜。”弗吉尼亞理工學(xué)院政治科學(xué)系助教尼可拉斯·歌德特也認(rèn)為,總統(tǒng)大選“與經(jīng)濟(jì)深度相關(guān)。”

歌德特表示,總統(tǒng)大選前的9個(gè)月,尤其如此。他認(rèn)為,多項(xiàng)研究顯示,總統(tǒng)任期內(nèi)頭兩年的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況,關(guān)系不大。第三年呢,也不緊要。羅納德·里根曾有著名的一問(wèn),“你的日子比四年前好過(guò)了嗎?”顯然,人們不會(huì)記得那么久的事。他們所關(guān)心的,是總統(tǒng)近期為他們做了什么。

如果股市是衡量總統(tǒng)作為的指標(biāo),那么就如特朗普反復(fù)說(shuō)的,答案或許是,“沒(méi)做多少。”

但是,市場(chǎng)虧損的局面會(huì)持續(xù),還是反轉(zhuǎn),從而給特朗普吹噓的資本呢?一些金融專家認(rèn)為,持續(xù)下跌不大可能。“這是一次恐慌性的拋售,”Tigress Financial Partners的研究主管兼首席投資官伊萬(wàn)·費(fèi)恩塞斯說(shuō)。“每次大拋售后,股市就會(huì)走高。一個(gè)季度內(nèi)或許市場(chǎng)會(huì)趨于緩和。”

“到某個(gè)點(diǎn),拋售也會(huì)到頭,”也就是說(shuō),在激烈的恐慌性拋售后,股價(jià)最終會(huì)到達(dá)自然的價(jià)格底部,并開始回升,保德信金融集團(tuán)的首席市場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)略師昆西·克洛斯比持這一觀點(diǎn)。

不過(guò),要讓股市回轉(zhuǎn)向上,得花點(diǎn)時(shí)間。“問(wèn)題在于,我們剛從歷史新高上下來(lái),而過(guò)度估值的市場(chǎng)對(duì)誰(shuí)都不利,”喬治城大學(xué)的金融教授詹姆斯·安吉爾說(shuō)。采用多種股票估值的傳統(tǒng)手段分析,安吉爾認(rèn)為,“市場(chǎng)對(duì)股票的定價(jià),真的是非常樂(lè)觀。”

二次資本的首席投資官南希·戴維斯認(rèn)為,只要美國(guó)債券利率(收益率)維持在歷史低點(diǎn),股市虧損將持續(xù)。她說(shuō),尤其是10年期的債券,目前的交易價(jià)格很低,乃至意味著經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條的來(lái)臨。“現(xiàn)在我們完全處在一個(gè)瘋狂的境地,”戴維斯說(shuō)。

為了研究在理論上指數(shù)要跌去多少才能抹去特朗普?qǐng)?zhí)政期間的收益,《財(cái)富》分析了標(biāo)普500、道瓊斯和納斯達(dá)克,標(biāo)注了它們?cè)?020年的高點(diǎn),并計(jì)算它們每個(gè)交易日的平均損失——甚至計(jì)算了過(guò)去幾周起起伏伏中的周期性大漲——來(lái)算得周二收盤時(shí)的價(jià)格。

我們無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè)市場(chǎng)的未來(lái)。但如果過(guò)去幾周的整體節(jié)奏持續(xù),標(biāo)普500將在17個(gè)交易日后回到特朗普就職時(shí)的水平,而道瓊斯需要21個(gè)交易日,納斯達(dá)克需27個(gè)交易日。

換句話說(shuō),也就在一個(gè)月內(nèi),投資者們可以像2017年那樣,準(zhǔn)備開派對(duì)了。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:宣峰

活,靠道瓊斯;死,也怨道瓊斯。

股市及其主要的指數(shù),與實(shí)際經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況是不同的,但它們是指標(biāo),對(duì)那些每次查看退休金余額都冒一身冷汗的人來(lái)說(shuō),更是重要的指標(biāo)。

唐納德·特朗普經(jīng)常玩這一手,市場(chǎng)行情好時(shí),他就居功。從他的推特帳戶可以看到一些例子:

2017年12月23日,“股市一次次地創(chuàng)下新紀(jì)錄,就業(yè)率降到17年來(lái)最低點(diǎn)。特朗普政府開年就有眾多成就,或許超過(guò)任何其他總統(tǒng)。”

2019年6月15日,“特朗普治下,經(jīng)濟(jì)創(chuàng)下紀(jì)錄,還會(huì)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間向上走…不過(guò),如果其他人在2020年取代我(我很了解總統(tǒng)寶座的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)),市場(chǎng)將會(huì)崩潰,以一種前所未見(jiàn)的方式崩潰!”

2020年1月9日,特朗普寫道,“股市創(chuàng)歷史新高!你的退休金情況如何?漲了70%、80%還是90%?只漲了50%!你做錯(cuò)了什么?”

不過(guò),此一時(shí),彼一時(shí)。

如果市場(chǎng)好時(shí),有人聲稱是他的功勞,那么最終在市場(chǎng)情況不好時(shí),他也得承擔(dān)罵名。特朗普確實(shí)也挨罵了。周二強(qiáng)勁的上揚(yáng),也未能彌補(bǔ)阻止持續(xù)恐慌性的下跌,以及此前所有的回落。

最近的股市下跌,使得特朗普第一個(gè)任期內(nèi)創(chuàng)下的收益,遠(yuǎn)低于奧巴馬第一個(gè)任期內(nèi)的市場(chǎng)收益。

不論他的任期內(nèi)市場(chǎng)收益高低,在總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選之際,特朗普任期的市場(chǎng)收益還能維持多久,這是一個(gè)問(wèn)題。羅素2000指數(shù)——即中小資本企業(yè)的指數(shù)——已經(jīng)回落到奧巴馬離開白宮時(shí)的水平。下表顯示其他指數(shù)尚有的收益狀況。

詹姆斯·卡維爾有一句著名的選舉真言:“要緊的是經(jīng)濟(jì)。傻瓜。”弗吉尼亞理工學(xué)院政治科學(xué)系助教尼可拉斯·歌德特也認(rèn)為,總統(tǒng)大選“與經(jīng)濟(jì)深度相關(guān)。”

歌德特表示,總統(tǒng)大選前的9個(gè)月,尤其如此。他認(rèn)為,多項(xiàng)研究顯示,總統(tǒng)任期內(nèi)頭兩年的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況,關(guān)系不大。第三年呢,也不緊要。羅納德·里根曾有著名的一問(wèn),“你的日子比四年前好過(guò)了嗎?”顯然,人們不會(huì)記得那么久的事。他們所關(guān)心的,是總統(tǒng)近期為他們做了什么。

如果股市是衡量總統(tǒng)作為的指標(biāo),那么就如特朗普反復(fù)說(shuō)的,答案或許是,“沒(méi)做多少。”

但是,市場(chǎng)虧損的局面會(huì)持續(xù),還是反轉(zhuǎn),從而給特朗普吹噓的資本呢?一些金融專家認(rèn)為,持續(xù)下跌不大可能。“這是一次恐慌性的拋售,”Tigress Financial Partners的研究主管兼首席投資官伊萬(wàn)·費(fèi)恩塞斯說(shuō)。“每次大拋售后,股市就會(huì)走高。一個(gè)季度內(nèi)或許市場(chǎng)會(huì)趨于緩和。”

“到某個(gè)點(diǎn),拋售也會(huì)到頭,”也就是說(shuō),在激烈的恐慌性拋售后,股價(jià)最終會(huì)到達(dá)自然的價(jià)格底部,并開始回升,保德信金融集團(tuán)的首席市場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)略師昆西·克洛斯比持這一觀點(diǎn)。

不過(guò),要讓股市回轉(zhuǎn)向上,得花點(diǎn)時(shí)間。“問(wèn)題在于,我們剛從歷史新高上下來(lái),而過(guò)度估值的市場(chǎng)對(duì)誰(shuí)都不利,”喬治城大學(xué)的金融教授詹姆斯·安吉爾說(shuō)。采用多種股票估值的傳統(tǒng)手段分析,安吉爾認(rèn)為,“市場(chǎng)對(duì)股票的定價(jià),真的是非常樂(lè)觀。”

二次資本的首席投資官南希·戴維斯認(rèn)為,只要美國(guó)債券利率(收益率)維持在歷史低點(diǎn),股市虧損將持續(xù)。她說(shuō),尤其是10年期的債券,目前的交易價(jià)格很低,乃至意味著經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條的來(lái)臨。“現(xiàn)在我們完全處在一個(gè)瘋狂的境地,”戴維斯說(shuō)。

為了研究在理論上指數(shù)要跌去多少才能抹去特朗普?qǐng)?zhí)政期間的收益,《財(cái)富》分析了標(biāo)普500、道瓊斯和納斯達(dá)克,標(biāo)注了它們?cè)?020年的高點(diǎn),并計(jì)算它們每個(gè)交易日的平均損失——甚至計(jì)算了過(guò)去幾周起起伏伏中的周期性大漲——來(lái)算得周二收盤時(shí)的價(jià)格。

我們無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè)市場(chǎng)的未來(lái)。但如果過(guò)去幾周的整體節(jié)奏持續(xù),標(biāo)普500將在17個(gè)交易日后回到特朗普就職時(shí)的水平,而道瓊斯需要21個(gè)交易日,納斯達(dá)克需27個(gè)交易日。

換句話說(shuō),也就在一個(gè)月內(nèi),投資者們可以像2017年那樣,準(zhǔn)備開派對(duì)了。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:宣峰

Live by the Dow, die by the Dow.

The stock market, and the major indexes, aren't the same as the economy. But they are indicators, especially for people who, at this point, break into a cold sweat whenever they check their 401(k) balance.

Donald Trump has frequently has played this up, claiming credit for hotly performing markets. Just a few samples from his Twitter account:

Dec. 23, 2017, "The Stock Market is setting record after record and unemployment is at a 17 year low. So many things accomplished by the Trump Administration, perhaps more than any other President in first year."

Jun. 15, 2019: "The Trump Economy is setting records, and has a long way up to go....However, if anyone but me takes over in 2020 (I know the competition very well), there will be a Market Crash the likes of which has not been seen before!"

Then, on Jan. 9, 2020, Trump wrote, "STOCK MARKET AT ALL-TIME HIGH! HOW ARE YOUR 401K’S DOING? 70%, 80%, 90% up? Only 50% up! What are you doing wrong?"

That was then.

If someone claims the credit for markets, ultimately they're saddled with the blame if things go badly. Which they have. Tuesday's strong gains still don't make up for Monday's panicked tumble or all the previous retreat.

The recent drops in fact put the gains notched under Trump's first term far below the gains in the market under Obama's first term.

The question now is how long can Trump, looking for reelection, expect the market to hold whatever gains it made during his administration. The Russell 2000—the index of small- and medium-cap companies—is already back to where it was when Obama left office. The table below shows how much of the gains the other indexes still have.

James Carville's famous three-word election mantra—it's "the economy, stupid"—is more than a campaign war story. A presidential election is "deeply connected to the economy," said Nicholas Goedert, an assistant professor of political science at Virginia Tech.

That's especially true in the last nine months before the election, according to Goedert. He said multiple studies have shown that the economy in the first two years of a president's term don't appear to matter nearly as much. The third, barely. As to Ronald Reagan's famous question, "Are you better off than four years ago?", people apparently don't remember that far back. All they want to know is what a president has done for them lately.

If stock markets are the measure, as Trump has repeatedly said, the answer might be, "Not much."

But will the losses continue or reverse and again give Trump material to tout? Some financial experts think an ongoing fall is unlikely. "This has been a panicked sell-off," said Ivan Feinseth, research director and chief investment officer at Tigress Financial Partners. "The market's gone higher from every major sell-off. It may slow things for a quarter or so, maybe."

"At some point, selling will be exhausted," meaning that after intense panic selling, eventually shares hit a natural price bottom and start to rebound, agreed Quincy Krosby, chief market strategist at Prudential Financial.

And yet, a turnaround might take longer to achieve. "The problem is we're coming off record highs and an over-valued market is nobody's friend," said James Angel, a professor of finance at Georgetown University. By a variety of traditional measures of share values, Angel says "the market is very, shall we say, optimistically priced."

Nancy Davis, chief investment officer of Quadratic Capital, thinks losses could continue so long as U.S. bond interest rates (called yield) remain at historical lows. She said that the 10-year bond in particular, is now trading low enough to suggest a coming recession. "Now we're in full-borne crazy territory," Davis said.

To understand how long in theory indexes might have to lose their Trump gains, Fortune analyzed the S&P 500, Dow, and Nasdaq, marked their 2020 highs, and calculated how much, on average, they lost per trading day—even accounting for the periodic big jumps that have been part of the roller coaster ride during the last few weeks—to reach their values on Tuesday's close.

There is no way to predict the future in markets. But if the overall pace of the last few weeks did continue, the S&P 500 would be back at Trump's inauguration in 17 trading days, the Dow Jones in 21, and Nasdaq in 27.

In other words, in just over a month, investors could be ready to party like it's 2017.

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