雖然沒(méi)有人想動(dòng)用自己的應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)蓄,但大多數(shù)美國(guó)人在迫不得已的情況下根本沒(méi)有可用的資金。
銀率網(wǎng)(Bankrate)對(duì)1,030人的最新調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)驚人的事實(shí):美國(guó)超過(guò)一半成年人(56%)的儲(chǔ)蓄不足以支付1,000美元意外支出。其中有21%的受訪者表示會(huì)透支信用卡,有16%會(huì)削減其他支出,以填補(bǔ)缺口。還有10%會(huì)向親朋好友借錢,4%會(huì)申請(qǐng)個(gè)人貸款,5%表示會(huì)選擇其他辦法。
銀率網(wǎng)高級(jí)經(jīng)濟(jì)分析師馬克·哈姆里克對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示,這項(xiàng)調(diào)查的結(jié)果“令人失望,因?yàn)檫@意味著許多美國(guó)人依靠工資維持生計(jì)”。他表示,可悲的是,這與銀率網(wǎng)之前的一項(xiàng)研究一致。之前研究發(fā)現(xiàn),個(gè)人在財(cái)務(wù)方面最懊悔的兩件事分別是沒(méi)有應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)蓄和沒(méi)有退休儲(chǔ)蓄。
35%的受訪者表示,沒(méi)有必要的儲(chǔ)蓄,他們只能向親朋好友借錢、辦理個(gè)人貸款或者使用信用卡。調(diào)查還發(fā)現(xiàn)了意料之內(nèi)的代際差異,約五分之三嬰兒潮一代表示,他們會(huì)動(dòng)用自己的儲(chǔ)蓄支付應(yīng)急支出,但只有不到三分之一的Z世代能這樣做。
哈姆里克表示:“這在一定程度上可以理解為,在生活和個(gè)人財(cái)務(wù)上最穩(wěn)定的人可能具備承擔(dān)應(yīng)急支出的能力。這也反映出老年人對(duì)個(gè)人財(cái)務(wù)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)更豐富,他們清楚儲(chǔ)蓄應(yīng)該放在第一位。”
大多數(shù)受訪者缺少應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)蓄的原因是什么?阻礙人們攢錢的主要原因是通貨膨脹,其次是加息和最近就業(yè)狀況的變化。哈姆里克在報(bào)告中寫(xiě)道:“幾十年不遇的通貨膨脹,對(duì)美國(guó)人的儲(chǔ)蓄習(xí)慣產(chǎn)生了影響。但還有一些希望的曙光:19%的美國(guó)人表示利息升高是他們?cè)黾觾?chǔ)蓄的原因。”
當(dāng)人們預(yù)期經(jīng)濟(jì)將陷入長(zhǎng)期低迷時(shí),就會(huì)增加儲(chǔ)蓄。這就是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家在2021年為圣路易斯聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備銀行(St. Louis Fed)所寫(xiě)的文章中提到的“儲(chǔ)蓄的‘謹(jǐn)慎’動(dòng)機(jī)。” “當(dāng)人們預(yù)期經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)低迷時(shí),他們可能利用自己的儲(chǔ)蓄維持消費(fèi);也就是說(shuō),他們會(huì)繼續(xù)支付租金、抵押貸款和公用事業(yè)賬單。”
但面對(duì)更大壓力,人們對(duì)自己的現(xiàn)狀并不滿意;有57%的受訪者表示個(gè)人儲(chǔ)蓄的現(xiàn)狀令他們不堪重負(fù)。銀率網(wǎng)發(fā)現(xiàn),近四分之一(22%)美國(guó)成年人沒(méi)有應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)蓄,這是該項(xiàng)調(diào)查13年以來(lái)第二低的水平。更糟糕的是,大多數(shù)美國(guó)人需要至少六個(gè)月的應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)蓄,才能每天感到安心。
銀率網(wǎng)建議,即使在經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)蕩時(shí)期,盡快償還債務(wù)和準(zhǔn)備應(yīng)急資金,必須作為首要任務(wù),否則收入下降就會(huì)影響你的計(jì)劃。而且人們可以同步進(jìn)行:有超過(guò)三分之一的受訪者表示,他們目前對(duì)還債和儲(chǔ)蓄同樣重視。
哈姆里克寫(xiě)道:“對(duì)于明智地專注于管理和增加應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)蓄的那些人,這是從利率上漲中獲利的機(jī)會(huì)。”應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)蓄,顧名思義,需要具有流動(dòng)性或者方便動(dòng)用。專門作為應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)蓄的高收益儲(chǔ)蓄賬戶,相當(dāng)于一份防止意外支出的自我保險(xiǎn)保單。”
哈姆里克對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示,這項(xiàng)調(diào)查告訴我們,在每一個(gè)人生階段,無(wú)論收入有多少,人們都應(yīng)該認(rèn)識(shí)到避免“儲(chǔ)蓄不足陷阱”的重要性。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
翻譯:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
雖然沒(méi)有人想動(dòng)用自己的應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)蓄,但大多數(shù)美國(guó)人在迫不得已的情況下根本沒(méi)有可用的資金。
銀率網(wǎng)(Bankrate)對(duì)1,030人的最新調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)驚人的事實(shí):美國(guó)超過(guò)一半成年人(56%)的儲(chǔ)蓄不足以支付1,000美元意外支出。其中有21%的受訪者表示會(huì)透支信用卡,有16%會(huì)削減其他支出,以填補(bǔ)缺口。還有10%會(huì)向親朋好友借錢,4%會(huì)申請(qǐng)個(gè)人貸款,5%表示會(huì)選擇其他辦法。
銀率網(wǎng)高級(jí)經(jīng)濟(jì)分析師馬克·哈姆里克對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示,這項(xiàng)調(diào)查的結(jié)果“令人失望,因?yàn)檫@意味著許多美國(guó)人依靠工資維持生計(jì)”。他表示,可悲的是,這與銀率網(wǎng)之前的一項(xiàng)研究一致。之前研究發(fā)現(xiàn),個(gè)人在財(cái)務(wù)方面最懊悔的兩件事分別是沒(méi)有應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)蓄和沒(méi)有退休儲(chǔ)蓄。
35%的受訪者表示,沒(méi)有必要的儲(chǔ)蓄,他們只能向親朋好友借錢、辦理個(gè)人貸款或者使用信用卡。調(diào)查還發(fā)現(xiàn)了意料之內(nèi)的代際差異,約五分之三嬰兒潮一代表示,他們會(huì)動(dòng)用自己的儲(chǔ)蓄支付應(yīng)急支出,但只有不到三分之一的Z世代能這樣做。
哈姆里克表示:“這在一定程度上可以理解為,在生活和個(gè)人財(cái)務(wù)上最穩(wěn)定的人可能具備承擔(dān)應(yīng)急支出的能力。這也反映出老年人對(duì)個(gè)人財(cái)務(wù)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)更豐富,他們清楚儲(chǔ)蓄應(yīng)該放在第一位。”
大多數(shù)受訪者缺少應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)蓄的原因是什么?阻礙人們攢錢的主要原因是通貨膨脹,其次是加息和最近就業(yè)狀況的變化。哈姆里克在報(bào)告中寫(xiě)道:“幾十年不遇的通貨膨脹,對(duì)美國(guó)人的儲(chǔ)蓄習(xí)慣產(chǎn)生了影響。但還有一些希望的曙光:19%的美國(guó)人表示利息升高是他們?cè)黾觾?chǔ)蓄的原因。”
當(dāng)人們預(yù)期經(jīng)濟(jì)將陷入長(zhǎng)期低迷時(shí),就會(huì)增加儲(chǔ)蓄。這就是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家在2021年為圣路易斯聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備銀行(St. Louis Fed)所寫(xiě)的文章中提到的“儲(chǔ)蓄的‘謹(jǐn)慎’動(dòng)機(jī)。” “當(dāng)人們預(yù)期經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)低迷時(shí),他們可能利用自己的儲(chǔ)蓄維持消費(fèi);也就是說(shuō),他們會(huì)繼續(xù)支付租金、抵押貸款和公用事業(yè)賬單。”
但面對(duì)更大壓力,人們對(duì)自己的現(xiàn)狀并不滿意;有57%的受訪者表示個(gè)人儲(chǔ)蓄的現(xiàn)狀令他們不堪重負(fù)。銀率網(wǎng)發(fā)現(xiàn),近四分之一(22%)美國(guó)成年人沒(méi)有應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)蓄,這是該項(xiàng)調(diào)查13年以來(lái)第二低的水平。更糟糕的是,大多數(shù)美國(guó)人需要至少六個(gè)月的應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)蓄,才能每天感到安心。
銀率網(wǎng)建議,即使在經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)蕩時(shí)期,盡快償還債務(wù)和準(zhǔn)備應(yīng)急資金,必須作為首要任務(wù),否則收入下降就會(huì)影響你的計(jì)劃。而且人們可以同步進(jìn)行:有超過(guò)三分之一的受訪者表示,他們目前對(duì)還債和儲(chǔ)蓄同樣重視。
哈姆里克寫(xiě)道:“對(duì)于明智地專注于管理和增加應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)蓄的那些人,這是從利率上漲中獲利的機(jī)會(huì)。”應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)蓄,顧名思義,需要具有流動(dòng)性或者方便動(dòng)用。專門作為應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)蓄的高收益儲(chǔ)蓄賬戶,相當(dāng)于一份防止意外支出的自我保險(xiǎn)保單。”
哈姆里克對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示,這項(xiàng)調(diào)查告訴我們,在每一個(gè)人生階段,無(wú)論收入有多少,人們都應(yīng)該認(rèn)識(shí)到避免“儲(chǔ)蓄不足陷阱”的重要性。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
翻譯:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
While nobody really wants to tap into their emergency savings, most Americans couldn’t even afford to do so if they had to.
A stunning new Bankrate survey of 1,030 individuals finds that more than half of American adults (56%) lack sufficient savings to shoulder an unexpected $1,000 expense. Of that number, 21% said they would go into debt by financing the spending with a credit card, while 16% would steeply cut back on other spending to bridge the gap. Another 10% would borrow from family and friends, 4% would take out a personal loan, and 5% said they would do “something else.
Bankrate senior economic analyst Mark Hamrick tells Fortune that this survey is “disappointing because it is an indication that so many Americans are living paycheck to paycheck.” He said this is sadly consistent with earlier Bankrate research that found individuals’ two major financial regrets are the failure to save for emergencies and the failure to save for retirement.
Without requisite savings, 35% of respondents said they’d borrow the money, either from friends and family, a personal loan, or putting it on a credit card. The findings show an unsurprising generational gap, with about three out of five baby boomers saying they’d pay an emergency expense from their savings, while fewer than one-third of Gen Zers would do the same.
“It is understandable, to some degree, that those who are more established in their lives and personal finances might have that capability,” Hamrick says. “It also might reflect that more senior individuals have had sufficient experience with their finances that they understand that savings needs to be a priority.”
The reason most respondents cited for their lack of parachute? Inflation—followed close behind by rising interest rates and a recent change in employment status—is dissuading them from putting money aside. “Inflation’s once-in-a-generation surge has left its mark on American savings habits,” Hamrick wrote in the report. “There is a glimmer of hope, however; 19% of Americans cite rising interest rates as the reason they’ve saved more.”
People tend to save more when they expect a prolonged economic downturn. That’s “the ‘precautionary’ motive for saving,” economist Guillaume Vandenbroucke wrote for the St. Louis Fed in 2021. “If the downturn is not expected to last, people are likely to use their savings to maintain their consumption; that is, they will keep paying their rent, mortgage, and utility bills.”
But despite the larger pressures, they’re not satisfied with their situation; 57% of respondents said the current state of their savings is stressing them out. Nearly one in four (22%) of U.S. adults have no emergency savings at all, Bankrate found—the second-lowest percentage in 13 years of polling. That’s especially bad news given that most Americans would need at least six months of emergency savings to feel comfortable day-to-day.
Even in economically uncertain times, paying down debt quickly—and contributing to emergency funds—must be a top priority, Bankrate advises, lest a loss of income throw a wrench in your plans. And it’s possible to multitask; just over a third of the study’s respondents said they’re currently prioritizing paying down debt and saving money in equal measure.
“For those wisely focused on managing and building their emergency savings, this is an opportune time to benefit from the increase in interest rates,” Hamrick wrote. “Emergency savings, by definition, need to be liquid or easily accessible. A high-yield savings account dedicated to this purpose amounts to a self-insurance policy guarding against unplanned expenses.”
The takeaway, Hamrick adds to Fortune, is that people at all life stages—and at all incomes—recognize the importance of avoiding “the pitfalls of insufficient savings.”