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專欄 - 向Anne提問

頻繁跳槽的人怎么做簡歷

Anne Fisher 2013年03月11日

Anne Fisher為《財富》雜志《向Anne提問》的專欄作者,這個職場專欄始于1996年,幫助讀者適應經濟的興衰起落、行業轉換,以及工作中面臨的各種困惑。
每隔兩、三年就換一份工作,過去這樣的簡歷在應聘時總是會被減分。但現在只要你能在簡歷中講清楚,問題就不大。換句話說,只要在準備簡歷的時候掌握一定的敘事技巧,就能化不利為有利,打消人們的成見,提高求職成功的幾率。

????親愛的安妮:我和朋友為一件事相持不下,約定打賭,這里想請您幫忙做個了斷。我是一位軟件開發員,有11年的工作經驗——其中6年服務于一家公司,最近5年在3家不同的公司工作。從2008年開始,我的工作變動比較多。被裁員后我找了一份工作,然后一位前同事給了我一個更具挑戰性的機會,我就離開了那家公司。這是一個與客戶相關的好機會,我接受了?,F在我已經有了好幾張新的證書,希望能到其他地方充分施展各項技能,同時獲得相應的回報,這一切在現在這家公司看來都不太可能。

????唯一讓我猶豫的是一位同事(兼朋友)告訴我說,如果我在現有職位上沒有做滿兩年,會被認為是一位“頻繁跳槽者”。這一定是件壞事嗎?您怎么看?打賭輸了的人要買午餐。--青青草原

????親愛的青青草原:或許你們應該共同承擔午餐費用。原因如下:一方面,每隔兩、三年就換一份工作,如今這樣做給人帶來的負面影響已經遠遠比不上這場經濟大蕭條降臨之前?!安糠衷蚴且驗榻陙斫洕环€定,還有一部分是因為隨著Y代人進入就業市場,人們越來越愿意做一個自由人,”紐約市高管培訓公司Career Leverage的總裁南希?弗萊德伯格指出?!八魂P乎技能,與忠誠度或安全度都沒有關系。跳來跳去已經成為新的常態?!?/p>

????你這一行尤其如此。“有些公司依然對有多段工作時間不滿一年的求職者持保留態度?!辈ㄊ款D獵頭和招聘公司WinterWyman的IT業務合伙人特蕾西?凱施曼表示。“但我得說,也有越來越多的雇主不愿聘用在一個地方做了多年的人,或者整個職業生涯都在一個地方工作的人。招聘方可能會覺得這些人沒有足夠的野心,或者過于執著于某種文化或思考方式,難以適應新的環境。”

????就你的情況而言,前同事給了你一個具有挑戰性的職位,這無疑是個加分。“通常那些頻繁跳槽的人都是被以前的老板或同事招走的,”凱施曼稱?!叭绻J識的人愿意與你再次共事,這是一個積極的信號。”

????不過,有一點必須要注意,這非常重要:和其他很多事情一樣,話要怎么講很關鍵。“只有在跳槽似乎毫無目標時,跳槽才會被認為是個問題。你可能會被認為不穩定或不可靠,”弗萊德伯格說?!暗绻阕龅拿宽棝Q定都有一個好的理由——無論是增加職責、深化專長或獲得更有市場競爭力的新技能——你很可能會被認為是一位職場快速上升者,而不是一位頻繁跳槽者?!?/p>

????為了引導形成此類看法,她表示,必須確保簡歷所顯示的職業生涯合乎邏輯。“簡歷應當講述一個故事,不能光光按照時間羅列自己曾經從事的工作,這種做法很乏味?!?/p>

????弗萊德伯格建議她的客戶將個人從事時間最長的工作(就你的情況來看,是那份從事6年的工作)列入簡歷第一頁的頁首摘要部分,特別是如果這家公司是一家知名企業的話?!比缓?,簡短列明你的技能和專長領域。第三部分,應當簡要寫下你職業生涯至今的一些亮點——那些與你當前想獲得的工作相關的重要成就。

????Dear Annie:Please settle a bet. I am a software developer with 11 years of experience -- six of them at one company, and the last five in three different places. I've moved around a lot since 2008 because, first, I got laid off and then, when I found another job, I left it because a former colleague offered me a bigger challenge. That turned into an interesting opportunity with a client, which I took. Now, I have a couple of new certifications and am thinking of going someplace where I could use all my different skills and get paid for them, which isn't happening here.

????The only reason I'm hesitating is that a coworker (who is also a friend) tells me that, with not quite two years in my current position, I'll be seen as a "job hopper." But is that necessarily a bad thing? What do you say? Whoever is wrong has to buy lunch.— Greener Pastures

????Dear G.P.:Maybe you should split the check. Here's why: On the one hand, changing jobs every couple of years carries far less stigma than it did before the Great Recession. "Partly because of all the economic instability lately, and partly due to the entry of Gen Y into the workforce, people increasingly see themselves as free agents," notes Nancy Friedberg, president of New York City executive coaching firm Career Leverage. "It's all about the portfolio of skills you bring, not loyalty or security. Moving around has become the new norm."

????That's especially true in your business. "Some companies may still be suspicious of anyone with too many short stints of a year or less," says Tracy Cashman a partner in the IT search division at WinterWyman, a Boston-based recruiting and staffing company. "But I would say more employers are reluctant to hire people who have been at one place for several years, or for their whole work history. Interviewers may feel that those people are not ambitious enough, or are so ingrained in a particular culture or way of thinking that they won't be able to adapt to a new environment."

????In your case, the fact that a former colleague tapped you for a challenging position is a definite plus. "Often, those who do move frequently are being recruited by people they previously worked for, or with," Cashman says. "It's a positive sign when people who know you want to work with you again."

????Even so, one important caveat: In this as in so much else, how you tell your story matters. "Job hopping is only a problem if it seems to be random. The danger is that you'll come across as flaky or unreliable," says Friedberg. "But if you have a good reason for each of the moves you made -- whether it was increased responsibility, a deepening of a specialization, or to pick up new skills that make you more marketable -- then you'll most likely be seen as a fast-tracker, not a job hopper."

????To encourage that perception, she adds, make sure your resume shows a coherent career path: "Your resume should tell a story, rather than just being a chronological laundry list of all the jobs you've held, which is very boring anyway."

????Friedberg counsels her clients to put their longest-held job (in your case, that six-year stint) in the summary paragraph that goes at the top of the first page, "especially if the company has a recognizable name." Next, briefly list your skills and areas of expertise. A third section should concisely list the highlights of your career so far -- those significant achievements that are relevant to the job you're trying to get now.

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