當(dāng)今世界上事事瞬息萬(wàn)變，每個(gè)人都要有明確的目標(biāo)。目標(biāo)可以相對(duì)靈活，但心中應(yīng)該有個(gè)大致規(guī)劃，然后根據(jù)家庭和工作的具體情況相應(yīng)調(diào)整。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，每個(gè)人的奮斗目標(biāo)每年都有變動(dòng)。所以，多花點(diǎn)時(shí)間看看腳下的路對(duì)不對(duì)很重要。如果你自己不用心掌握，很可能就會(huì)跟著別人走。職業(yè)道路上還是要親手把握航向。

制定五年計(jì)劃要考慮以下三個(gè)要點(diǎn)。

找好目標(biāo)

如果前進(jìn)的方向沒(méi)弄清楚，就不知道在為什么努力。想一想目標(biāo)是什么，設(shè)想一年、三年和五年后的生活，你希望到時(shí)在做什么工作，哪些突出的技能和個(gè)性能讓你脫穎而出？女性尤其喜歡保持低調(diào)。她們往往更看重工作的結(jié)果，專心完成任務(wù)，不常花時(shí)間考慮未來(lái)發(fā)展。

辨明路徑

一旦確定了目標(biāo)，就要想清楚怎樣去實(shí)現(xiàn)。為了達(dá)成所想你會(huì)采取哪些行動(dòng)？大多數(shù)企業(yè)都會(huì)設(shè)定五年計(jì)劃，個(gè)人也需要合理規(guī)劃。如果你打算長(zhǎng)期留在一家企業(yè)，制定個(gè)人的五年計(jì)劃時(shí)參考一下公司的規(guī)劃也未嘗不可。

規(guī)劃職業(yè)發(fā)展時(shí)有幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題一定要考慮：為了進(jìn)步需不需要在某個(gè)領(lǐng)域或者多個(gè)領(lǐng)域積累經(jīng)驗(yàn)？平級(jí)換崗到另一個(gè)部門會(huì)不會(huì)有助于達(dá)到目標(biāo)？需不需要上夜校或者周末進(jìn)修，或是參加公司內(nèi)部培訓(xùn)？想不想去商學(xué)院攻讀工商管理碩士學(xué)位？弄明白最終目標(biāo)、相應(yīng)策略以及為了實(shí)現(xiàn)理想要采取的行動(dòng)，一步一步寫下實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的計(jì)劃，隨時(shí)記錄進(jìn)展。

借助人脈

有時(shí)人們想不起來(lái)發(fā)展盟友、拜會(huì)導(dǎo)師和尋找支持者，其實(shí)與這些人保持良好關(guān)系在職場(chǎng)上大有裨益。首先要明確哪些人最能幫你達(dá)到目標(biāo)，日常工作中與他們維持關(guān)系要成為重要內(nèi)容。如果不認(rèn)識(shí)關(guān)鍵人物，就去找人引薦。不妨考慮專業(yè)人士的圈子或者內(nèi)部員工的組織，正式還是非正式組織不重要，先參與進(jìn)去再說(shuō)。多與重要人士交流，你會(huì)對(duì)公司和行業(yè)的理解會(huì)大為加深，今后拓展重要的人脈也會(huì)順利得多。

制定長(zhǎng)期職業(yè)規(guī)劃的還有一個(gè)原因：你跟上司交流時(shí)多了談資。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)會(huì)發(fā)覺(jué)你有遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)，認(rèn)為你是公司或機(jī)構(gòu)里力求上進(jìn)的員工。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能這么看你很關(guān)鍵，年度業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)估自然不用擔(dān)心，長(zhǎng)期看前途一片光明才是更重要的。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

審校：夏林

譯者：Pessy

These days, everything moves so fast that you need to have established goals. They can be flexible, but you should have a general end game in mind. And every year, you should make adjustments to each goal to account for changes at home and on the job. Everyone’s vision of success tends to morph from year to year. So it’s really important to take the time to make sure the road you’re on is still the right one. If you’re not driving, after all, someone else might drive for you. You need to be behind the wheel of your own career.

Having a five-year plan requires some reflection on three key things:

Purpose

If you don’t know where you’re going, then you don’t know what you’re trying to accomplish. Think about your purpose. When you envision your life in one year, three years, and five years, what would you like to be doing in your career? What unique skills and traits do you have that will differentiate you? Women, in particular, keep their heads down. They tend to be more task-oriented and just focus on getting things done, rather than investing the necessary time to think about what’s on the horizon.

Path

Once you determine your purpose, you need to figure out how you’re going to get there. What are the actions you’ll take to reach your goal? Most businesses have a five-year plan. People need to plan just like organizations do. You might even want to align your five-year plan with your company’s long-term goals if you envision staying with the same employer.

To help chart your path, consider some key questions: Do you need to get more experience in a certain area, or multiple areas, in order to advance? Would a lateral move to another department in your company help you reach your goal? Do you need to take some evening or weekend classes or receive internal training? Do you want to go to business school to earn an MBA? Think about the end goal, your strategy, and the actions you have to take and write a step-by-step plan to get there and chart your progress.

People

Sometimes people fail to think about developing allies, mentors, and advocates who can propel them toward the next step in their careers. Identify who the critical people are between you and your goal, and include them in part of your day-to-day working plan. And if you don’t know these critical people, seek out introductions. Consider professional networks or internal employee groups—either formal or informal—you may want to join. They will provide insights so you have a better grasp on your company and industry, and will also help you make critical connections.

One important reason for developing a long-term career plan: It gives you something to talk about with your boss. You’ll be considered forward-thinking and as someone who wants to progress at your company or organization—not just in the next year tied to your annual review, but over the long haul.