????彼得?魏瑪沙漢在荷蘭長大。孩提時的魏瑪沙漢就富有創業精神。他總是能想方設法賺錢，曾經創辦公司為鄰居提供洗車和草坪護理服務。

????他喜歡編程，很小就開始玩電腦。后來他在埃因霍溫科技大學（Technical University of Eindhoven）學習應用物理，期間依然對計算機熱情不減。上世紀90年代，互聯網出現之后，對開源程序充滿熱情的魏瑪沙漢開始加入初創公司。尤其是3D建模和后來的3D打印領域。魏瑪沙漢說：“有了3D打印，人們面臨的唯一限制就是自己的想象力。”

????2007年3月，他和其他幾位聯合創始人開始創建在線3D打印公司Shapeways。通過這個網站，人們可以制作、購買、出售3D打印產品。魏瑪沙漢的目標是讓人們更方便地創造獨特的產品。42歲的魏瑪沙漢現居住在紐約。他近期接受了《財富》雜志（Fortune）的專訪。

????1. 你最崇拜的商界或科技界人物是哪位？為什么？

????我腦海里首先想到的一家公司是亞馬遜（Amazon）。據我了解，這家公司是真正將客戶放在第一位。他們希望打造一家重視客戶價值的公司，而且他們并沒有巨大的利潤。他們每一次通過完善服務降低成本之后，都會把所產生的價值回饋給客戶。他們在不斷提升反饋給客戶的價值。

????這讓我產生了很大的共鳴。只有這樣才能打造出真正迷人的體驗，吸引海量的客戶。創業的目的不應該為了迅速賺錢，而是要打造一家可持續的公司，讓所有客戶高興，同時提供真正的價值。只要這樣做，最終你的公司同樣會賺很多錢。但重中之重是客戶，是為他們提供最大的價值。當然，杰夫?貝佐斯的同事也支持公司的愿景。可在當初，許多人都對此深感懷疑，甚至冷眼相對。但貝佐斯最終取得勝利，成功建立了一家神奇的公司。這很了不起。

????2. 最讓你興奮的科技行業是什么？

????如果我說是3D打印，你肯定不會感到意外。3D打印將完全顛覆我們考慮產品的方式。早在19世紀之前，產品都是純手工制作。之后的工業革命帶來了大規模生產。我們可以獲得許多很了不起的產品，但它們全都千篇一律。而3D打印為大規模生產所帶來的是，每個人都有能力制造出他們自己想要的產品，而不僅僅是商家提供的產品。

????我認為，這是非常有吸引力的一個概念。理解這個概念需要一段時間，因為未來將不再是大公司決定大家想要什么，確定最能迎合大眾口味的產品，然后進行大規模生產。想要什么樣的產品，決定權在于消費者。我們的工作是讓所有人能夠更方便地表達自己想要的東西，然后我們以合理的價格為他們生產出來。就這么簡單。大家不用再被迫購買某件東西，而是可以決定自己想要的產品。比如一件衣服，一套首飾，或一些小配件。3D打印給人們帶來的是真正影響產品的能力。

????3. 創業者必須讀商學院嗎？

????我沒有讀過商學院，但我自認為還算是一個不錯的創業者。我認識許多沒有上過商學院的創業者。在我看來，一個人或許并非天生的創業者，但創業者一定在很早的時候就從事這項事業。甚至有人早在10歲之前就有了創業的念頭，它就像人們對自由的感受一樣，是與天俱來的。既然我可以通過一種聰明的方式做些事情，為什么要去找工作呢？我總是能找到一些項目或機會來賺錢，因此我不必找工作。這是一種思維方式，某些時候，你必須先擁有它，之后經過自我訓練，就能更好地駕馭它。隨著一家公司，比如Shapeways，日益壯大，一個人需要學習很多東西。例如，如何進步，如何擴大市場等。軟件工程已經成為我的一種本能，而且我學過應用物理，所以我對技術方面非常了解。商學院可以幫人們更好掌握框架和環境，但只要愿意學習，即便不去商學院也能做得很好。

????Peter Weijmarshausen grew up in the Netherlands. Even as a child he had an entrepreneurial spirit, and he always found ways to make money, building businesses such as a car washing service and lawn care for neighbors.

????He loved coding and started playing with computers at a young age. When he went to study at the Technical University of Eindhoven, he studied applied physics and kept up his interest in computers. After the Internet emerged in the 1990s, Weijmarshausen began to join startup companies, fueled by his passion for open source software. That was especially true for 3-D modeling and, eventually, 3-D printing. "With 3-D printing, your imagination is your only limitation," Weijmarshausen said.

????He and his fellow co-founders began to build Shapeways -- an online 3-D printing marketplace -- in March 2007. People can make, buy, and sell 3-D printed products through the site, and Weijmarshausen's goal is to make it easy for people to create unique products. Weijmarshausen, 42, is based in New York. He spoke with Fortune.

????1. What business or technology person do you admire most? Why?

????One of the companies that jumps out at me is Amazon (AMZN). From what I can tell, they really put their customers in the center. They want to make a company that values their customers, and they don't have huge margins. What they do every time they have an improvement in their service that reduces their cost, they give all of that value back to their customers. They give the customer an ever-better value for their money.

????That resonates well with me. That's how you can build a truly magnificent experience that is compelling for an enormous amount of people. It's not about making a few dollars quickly. It's about building a sustainable business that makes all of its customers happy and provides true value. If you do that, then, in the end, as a business you're also making money, lots of money. But it's first and foremost about the customer and getting them the most value. And of course the people that work with Jeff Bezos are supporting that vision. And in the beginning, a lot of people were very skeptical or cynical about it. But he's prevailed, and he's built an amazing company. That's quite something.

????2. What technology sector excites you most?

????It probably won't surprise you that I'll say 3-D printing. It has the ability to truly disrupt the way we think about products. Way back in the 1800s and before, products were made by hand. And then came along the industrial revolution where we had mass manufacturing. Mass manufacturing has given us a lot of really cool products, but they're all the same. What 3-D printing brings on top of mass manufacturing is the ability for the individual to get the exact product that they want and not just what is available.

????To me, that is such a compelling concept. It takes a while to really grasp because it's no longer big corporations that figure out what you might want by deciding what is the lowest common denominator and mass-producing it. No -- it's you who has an idea for what you want. Our job is to make it easy for you to express what you want, and then we'll make it for you at a reasonable price. Isn't that what it's all about? Not that you get pushed into buying certain things, but that you can decide what you want. Whether it's clothing or jewelry or gadgets, it doesn't really matter. The ability to truly influence the products that you get, that's the power that 3-D printing brings.

????3. Is business school necessary for entrepreneurs?

????I didn't go to business school, and I think I'm a pretty good entrepreneur. I see a lot of entrepreneurs who didn't go to business school. I think maybe you aren't born an entrepreneur, but it's something that you start acting on early in life. Even as early as before 10 years old, it's like this freedom that people feel. Why would I get a job if I can start doing things in a smart way? I always found projects or opportunities to make money instead of jobs. It's a way of thinking that at some point you have to get, then you get better at it. As a company like Shapeways becomes bigger and bigger, you have to learn a few things. Like how do you advance and expand into marketing. Software engineering was already in my blood, and I studied applied physics, so I understood the technology really well. Business school can help you get the framework and context even better, but if you're open to learning, you can do it perfectly well without business school.