????一份最新發(fā)布的報(bào)告指出，中國(guó)企業(yè)正在大幅增加研發(fā)支出。

????據(jù)管理咨詢(xún)公司Strategy&的報(bào)告顯示，總部設(shè)在中國(guó)大陸的企業(yè)支出水平在過(guò)去10年里增長(zhǎng)了14倍。入選2014年Strategy&“全球創(chuàng)新企業(yè)1000強(qiáng)”榜單的中企數(shù)量，已從2005年的8家躍升至如今的114家。

????中國(guó)企業(yè)研發(fā)支出增長(zhǎng)背后的原因在于，它們正把重心從從生產(chǎn)廉價(jià)出口商品上移開(kāi)，專(zhuān)注于實(shí)現(xiàn)更高質(zhì)量的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。

????該報(bào)告作者巴里?雅魯澤爾斯基是Strategy&公司的高級(jí)合伙人。他說(shuō)：“在亞洲地區(qū)企業(yè)紛紛削減研發(fā)投入之際，中國(guó)企業(yè)仍繼續(xù)大幅增加投入。”

????他補(bǔ)充道：“中企研發(fā)支出已經(jīng)多年維持兩位數(shù)的高增長(zhǎng)，雖然世界其他地區(qū)也有兩位數(shù)的增幅，但相對(duì)較低，在13%左右；而北美和歐洲的增長(zhǎng)更是要低得多，分別為3.5%和2.5%。”

????這些結(jié)果與包括政府支出在內(nèi)的中國(guó)整體研發(fā)趨勢(shì)相契合。美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)基金會(huì)（National Science Foundation）稱(chēng)，中國(guó)政府的研發(fā)支出僅次于美國(guó)。

????在專(zhuān)利申請(qǐng)領(lǐng)域，中國(guó)份額也越來(lái)越大。來(lái)自中國(guó)和中國(guó)居民的專(zhuān)利申請(qǐng)數(shù)最多。世界知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)組織（World Intellectual Property Organization）稱(chēng)，2012年中國(guó)的專(zhuān)利申請(qǐng)量已經(jīng)超越了美國(guó)。

????世界知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)組織日內(nèi)瓦知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)及統(tǒng)計(jì)部負(fù)責(zé)人莫薩德?肯說(shuō)：“在發(fā)展方面，中國(guó)在過(guò)去20年中進(jìn)步了很多，在技術(shù)前沿，無(wú)論是專(zhuān)利還是研發(fā)投資，中國(guó)正在趕超美國(guó)和日本。”

????2014年，全球研發(fā)投入達(dá)到6470億美元。但中資公司的研發(fā)投入仍然遠(yuǎn)比不上美資公司。美資企業(yè)的研發(fā)投入規(guī)模歷來(lái)都高居全球首位，今年達(dá)到2569億美元，其次是歐資企業(yè)達(dá)到1938億美元，然后是位居第三的日資企業(yè)達(dá)到1167億美元。

????不過(guò)，中資企業(yè)的研發(fā)投入增長(zhǎng)也不可小覷，從2005年幾乎可以忽略不計(jì)的水平躍升至2014年的300億美元，今年同比增長(zhǎng)46%。

????美國(guó)信息技術(shù)與創(chuàng)新基金會(huì)（The Information Technology and Innovation Foundation）是一家總部設(shè)在華盛頓特區(qū)的科技政策智庫(kù)，該基金會(huì)的總裁羅伯特?阿特金森提醒稱(chēng)，中國(guó)的企業(yè)研發(fā)投入數(shù)據(jù)可能“有些水分”，因?yàn)橹袊?guó)對(duì)國(guó)有企業(yè)實(shí)施的“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)制度”看重研發(fā)，因此中資企業(yè)會(huì)將一些在美國(guó)不會(huì)歸為研發(fā)的活動(dòng)列入研發(fā)支出項(xiàng)目。

????Chinese companies are significantly ramping up their spending on research and development, according to a new report.

????Companies based on the mainland of China have increased their spending by a factor of 15 over the past decade, according to a report from the management consulting firm “Strategy&,” and the number of Chinese firms on Strategy&’s 2014 Global Innovation 1000 has gone from eight in 2005 to 114 today.

????The reason for the R&D growth: Chinese companies are shifting away from producing cheap goods for export and concentrating on higher quality economic growth.

????“When we are looking at the regional cut, China continues to go gangbusters,” said Barry Jaruzelski, the report’s author and a senior partner with the firm.

????“It’s been in the high double-digits for many, many years,” he added. “The rest of the world was double-digit, but lower — around 13 percent — and North America and Europe were positive, but much lower, at 3. 5 percent in North America and 2.5 percent in Europe.”

????The findings dovetail with overall research and development trends in China, including government spending, which the National Science Foundation found, is second only behind the United States.

????Patents, too, increasingly have a Chinese flavor, with the largest number of applicants coming from China and Chinese residents. The Chinese overtook the United States in 2012, according to the World Intellectual Property Organization.

????“In terms of their development, they have advanced a lot over the past 20 years,” said Mosahid Khan, head of the intellectual property and statistics section at WIPO in Geneva. “They are sort of catching up with the United States and Japan on the technological frontier whether it be patents or R & D investment.”