????中國知名環(huán)保人士馬軍表示，蘋果（Apple）已在短時(shí)期內(nèi)從最不配合的電子公司變成了“最積極的IT供應(yīng)商之一”。

????在于成都舉行的財(cái)富全球論壇上，馬軍在關(guān)于供應(yīng)鏈發(fā)展趨勢的小組討論中滔滔不絕的講述了蘋果態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變。他介紹稱，其領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的北京公眾環(huán)境研究中心最初聯(lián)絡(luò)了29家西方大企業(yè)，希望與它們在環(huán)保方面進(jìn)行合作，除蘋果以外的28家企業(yè)都做了響應(yīng)。“[蘋果相關(guān)人員]稱該公司一直以來的政策是不與”[我們]這樣的機(jī)構(gòu)合作。在北京公眾環(huán)境研究中心發(fā)布了兩篇批評蘋果的報(bào)告后，事情出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)。馬軍說：“蘋果找到了我們，并表示他們需要[提升]透明度。”

????馬軍曾是一位知名記者，一直致力于中國的水資源問題。其團(tuán)隊(duì)收集關(guān)于中國公司污染的數(shù)據(jù)，并同西方企業(yè)分享該數(shù)據(jù)，以幫助后者更好的了解其供應(yīng)商對環(huán)境造成的影響。馬軍表示，蘋果不僅已經(jīng)開始同公眾環(huán)境研究中心合作，而且已經(jīng)成為中國整個(gè)供應(yīng)鏈生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中一股積極的力量。

????“他們在激勵(lì)主要供應(yīng)商方面走得最遠(yuǎn)。”馬指出，就在中國實(shí)行先進(jìn)環(huán)保政策而言，蘋果已經(jīng)變得比其它IT公司還要積極。

????蘋果公司的態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變?nèi)绱酥螅灾劣诠姯h(huán)境研究中心于今年早些時(shí)候發(fā)布了第三篇報(bào)告，在報(bào)告前面部分描述了 “蘋果的轉(zhuǎn)型”。蘋果已完成的大量工作始于2012年史蒂夫?喬布斯去世后。人們普遍認(rèn)為，與喬布斯不同，蘋果現(xiàn)任首席執(zhí)行官蒂姆?庫克支持蘋果與環(huán)保組織合作。多年來，庫克曾作為供應(yīng)鏈高管多次來訪中國。馬表示，他沒有見過庫克，但與蘋果其他高管進(jìn)行了會談。

????蘋果向來堅(jiān)稱其在環(huán)保和維護(hù)勞工權(quán)益方面表現(xiàn)良好。而公眾環(huán)境研究中心的報(bào)告顯示，蘋果對于討論自身的過往表現(xiàn)以及面對批評的態(tài)度已經(jīng)改變。這是一個(gè)引人矚目的變化，從中可以看出蘋果或?qū)⒃谄渌矫嬉灿兴D(zhuǎn)變。蘋果的保密性是出了名的嚴(yán)格。在不直接影響公司的產(chǎn)品制造和市場推廣情況下，絕大部分大公司都會與別的公司、媒體以及其它團(tuán)體進(jìn)行互利的對話，蘋果正向這個(gè)方向靠攏。

????在本屆成都財(cái)富全球論壇上，與會者熱議的一個(gè)關(guān)于中國的主題是，大國的轉(zhuǎn)變是緩慢的。對蘋果這樣的大企業(yè)來說也是一樣。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

????譯者：項(xiàng)航

????Ma Jun, the noted Chinese environmental activist, says Apple has gone in a short period of time from being the most uncooperative of electronics companies to "one of the most proactive IT suppliers" of all.

????Speaking at a panel on supply-chain trends at the Fortune Global Forum in Chengdu, China, Ma practically gushed about Apple's change in behavior. He said that when his group, the Beijing-based Institute of Public & Environmental Affairs, initially approached 29 big Western brands about cooperating with its environmental work, 28 responded -- all but Apple. "They said they had a long-term policy against" participating with such groups. Things changed after Ma's group published two reports critical of Apple. "They approached us," he said. "They said, 'We need transparency.'"

????Ma is a well-known former journalist who has devoted considerable energy to water issues in China. His group collects pollution data on Chinese companies and shares it with Western companies to help them better understand the ramifications of their supply-chain partners. He said Apple not only has begun cooperating with his organization, it has become a positive force on the overall supply-chain ecosystem in China.

????"They have gone the furthest in motivating key suppliers," he said, noting that Apple has become even more aggressive than its IT-industry peers in adopting progressive environmental policies in China.

????The change in attitude is so pronounced that Ma's institute published a third report earlier this year with an early section describing "Apple's Transformation." The bulk of the work Apple (AAPL) has done began in 2012, after the death of Steve Jobs. It is generally believed that Apple CEO Tim Cook, who has been traveling to China as a supply-chain executive for many years, has been supportive of Apple's cooperation with environmental groups in a way that Jobs was not. Ma said he has not met with Cook but that he has held meetings with other high-level Apple executives.

????Apple typically maintains that its environmental and labor-rights records have always been good. Yet the Chinese group's report makes clear that if nothing else, Apple's attitude toward discussing its record and opening itself up to criticism have changed. It's an intriguing window into how the company might change in other ways. It is notoriously secretive and closed to the type of mutually beneficial dialogues most other big companies conduct with each other, the press and other groups that don't bear directly on making and marketing their products.

????Empires changes their ways slowly, a topic that has been much debated about China at the Fortune conference in Chengdu. The same is true for Apple.